TUMOR MARKER

Question 1

AFP

Answer 1

hepatic and testicular cancer

Question 2

ALP (placental-ALP)

Answer 2

lung cancer

Question 3

Amylase

Answer 3

Pancreatic cancer

Question 4

BRCA-1

Answer 4

Breast or Ovarian cancer

Question 5

CA-125

Answer 5

Ovarian cancer (recurrence and treatment

Question 6

CA 15-3

Answer 6

Breast cancer (treatment and recurrence)

Question 7

CA- 19.9

Answer 7

Gastric, pancreatic and colorectal cancer

Question 8

CA-50

Answer 8

Gastric and pancreatic cancer (recurrence and treatment)

Question 9

CA 27-29

Answer 9

Breast Cancer (treatment an recurrence)

Question 10

Calcitonin

Answer 10

Medullary thyroid cancer

Question 11

Cathepsin-D

Answer 11

Breast Cancer

Question 12

CEA

Answer 12

Breast, lungs, colorectal and stomach cancer (recurrence and treatment)

Question 13

CK-1

Answer 13

Small cell lung cancer; prostate cancer

Question 14

Estrogen Receptor (ER)

Answer 14

Breast Cancer

Question 15

GGT

Answer 15

Hepatoma

Question 16

HER-2/neu

Answer 16

Breast cancer (efficiency of trastuzumab or herceptin therapy

Question 17

Nuclear Matrix protein (NMP)

Answer 17

Urinary bladder cancer

Question 18

detection for gestational trophoblastic disease

Answer 18

HCG

Question 19

1. Which of the following tumor markers is classified
   as a tumor suppressor gene?
   A. BRCA-1
   B. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
   C. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
   D. Nuclear matrix protein

Answer 19

A

Question 20

. In general, in which of the following situations is
the analysis of a tumor marker most useful?
A. Testing for recurrence
B. Prognosis
C. Screening
D. Diagnosis

Answer 20

A

Question 21

Which of the following enzymes is increased in
persons with prostate and small-cell lung cancer?
A. Creatine kinase-1 (CK-1)
B. Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT)
C. Amylase
D. Lactate dehydrogenase

Answer 21

A

Question 22

4. Which of the following is the best analyte to
   monitor for recurrence of ovarian cancer?
   A. CA-15-3
   B. CA-19-9
   C. CA-125
   D. CEA

Answer 22

C

Question 23

. Which tumor marker is associated with cancer of
the urinary bladder?
A. CA-19-9
B. CA-72-4
C. Nuclear matrix protein
D. Cathepsin-D

Answer 23

C

Question 24

A person presents with a cushingoid appearance
and an elevated 24-hour urinary cortisol level. The
plasma adrenocotropic hormone (ACTH) is very
elevated, and the physician suspects the cause is
ectopic ACTH production. Which test would be
most useful in substantiating this diagnosis?
A. Plasma cortisol
B. CA-50
C. Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes
D. AFP

Answer 24

C

Question 25

Which of the following tumor markers is used to monitor persons with breast cancer for recurrence of disease? A. Cathepsin-D B. CA-15-3 C. Retinoblastoma gene D. Estrogen receptor (ER)

Answer 25

B

Question 26

Which of the following statements regarding the Philadelphia chromosome is true? A. It is seen exclusively in chronic myelogenous leukemia B. It results from a translocation C. It appears as a short-arm deletion of chromosome 21 D. It is associated with a poor prognosis

Answer 26

B

Question 27

What is the primary clinical utility of measuring CEA? A. Diagnosis of liver cancer B. Diagnosis of colorectal cancer C. Screening for cancers of endodermal origin D. Monitoring for recurrence of cancer

Answer 27

D

Question 28

Which tumor marker is used to determine the usefulness of trastuzumab (Herceptin) therapy for breast cancer? A. PR B. CEA C. HER-2/neu D. Myc

Answer 28

C

Question 29

1. A person is suspected of having testicular cancer. Which type of hCG test would be most useful? A. Plasma immunoassay for intact hCG only B. Plasma immunoassay for intact hCG and the β-hCG subunit C. Plasma immunoassay for the free alpha and β-hCG subunits D. Urine assay for hCG β core

Answer 29

B

Question 30

. A patient treated for a germ cell tumor has a total and free β-hCG assay performed prior to surgery. The result is 40,000 mIU/mL. One week following surgery, the hCG is 5,000 mIU/mL. Chemotherapy is started, and the hCG is measured 1 week later and found to be 10,000 mIU/mL. What does this indicate? A. Recurrence of the tumor B. Falsely increased hCG owing to drug interference with the assay C. Analytical error with the test reported as 5,000 mIU/mL D. Transient hCG increase caused by chemotherapy

Answer 30

D

Question 31

Which set of results for ER and PR is associated with the highest likelihood of a favorable response to treatment with estrogen-suppression therapy (tamoxifen)? A. ER positive, PR positive B. ER positive, PR negative C. ER negative, PR positive D. ER negative, PR negative

Answer 31

A

Question 32

Which type of cancer is associated with the highest level of AFP? A. Hepatoma B. Ovarian cancer C. Testicular cancer D. Breast cancer

Answer 32

A

Question 33

Which of the following assays is recommended as a screening test for colorectal cancer in persons over 50 years old? A. CEA B. AFP C. Occult blood D. Fecal trypsin

Answer 33

C

Question 34

. Which of the following assays is used to determine the risk of developing cancer? A. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) B. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) C. c-erb B-2 gene expression D. p53 gene mutation

Answer 34

D

Question 35

A person has an elevated 24-hour urinary homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillymandelic acid (VMA). Urinary metanephrines, chromogranin A, and neuron-specific enolase are also elevated but 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid is within the reference range. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Carcinoid tumors of the intestine B. Pheochromocytoma C. Neuroblastoma D. Pancreatic cancer

Answer 35

C

Question 36

In which of the following conditions is PSA least likely to be increased? A. Precancerous lesions of the prostate B. Postprostate biopsy C. Benign prostatic hypertrophy D. Post–digital rectal examination

Answer 36

D

Question 37

Which of the following statements regarding PSA is true? A. Complexed PSA in plasma is normally less than free PSA B. Free PSA below 25% is associated with malignant disease C. A total PSA below 4 ng/mL rules out malignant disease D. A total PSA above 10 ng/mL is diagnostic of malignant disease

Answer 37

B

Question 38

A 55-year-old male with early stage prostate cancer diagnosed by biopsy had his prostate gland removed (simple prostatectomy). His PSA prior to surgery was 10.0 ng/mL. If the surgery was successful in completely removing the tumor cells, what would the PSA result be 1 month after surgery? A. Undetectable B. 1–3 ng/mL C. Less than 4 ng/mL D. Less than 10 ng/mL

Answer 38

A