Training and Development Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is the social learning theory?
People can learn without direct stimuli and experiences
what are the 3 stages of social learning theory
- Attention is focussed by using a model to perform the target behaviour
- Trainee observes a sequence of behaviours where the model is rewarded for performing or punished for not performing
- Trainee learning is reinforced through opportunities to practice
Describe the skill development stages
Cognitive phase – intellectual understanding gained; learning basic ingredients of performance
Associative phase – practice and performance feedback given; establish patterns of behaviour
Autonomous phase – skilled performance is demonstrated easily, and consistently without interference or stress; low demands on attention and memory
List the training methods
Learning materials
Instructional setting
Ways to sequence the material
Instructional modality
Wjhat are the three areas differentiated between transfer of learning
Learning and retention: what do you learn and remember
Generalization of learning – what can you adapt from the training and apply to specific needs of the workplace
Maintenance – using the learning continuously over time
what are the basic components of the training tripod?
training needs analysis - identify training objectives
training design
training evaluation
What are the three types of training needs analysis?
organizational analysis: ‘what are the training needs of the whole organization’
task analysis : identifies training needs associated with role or tasks
person analysis: who needs training and what kind of training they need
What is the best approach for a small company that wants to conduct a training needs analysis?
The use of the critical incident analysis
What the best and most well known task analysis?
The hierarchy task analysis that highlight the division of tasks into small sub divisions called operations
Elements of training design
- Specific objectives – what should you be able to do after having trained
- Criterion behaviour – what should you be able to do (behavioural objectives). For instance a BO can be: trainees will be able to ask job related questions in a situational interview. It has to be stated as some action that can be conducted.
- Conditions – under which objectives are exhibited e.g., using certain equipment
- Standards of performance – level or degree of expectations for the behaviours. Standards are used to evaluate performance.
What are the characteristics of theories of learning
- people learn by strenghtening the stimulus response link
- reinforcing appropriate behavious or learning by using rewards or incentives
- punishing inqppropriate behaviour or lack of learning
- behaviour modifcation
What are the stages of the social learning theory
- Attention is focussed by using a model to perform the target behaviour
- Trainee observes a sequence of behaviours where the model is rewarded for performing or punished for not performing
- Trainee learning is reinforced through opportunities to practice
