Transfer of skills Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is transfer of skills?
The effect that the learning of one skill has on the subsequent learning of another skill. (Transfer is the influence of one skill on another. This can be an influence from a previously learnt skill on a new skill or vice versa, and can be a help or a hindrance to performance.)
What are 5 types of transfer of skills?
-positive
-negative
-proactive
-retroactive
-bilateral
What is a positive transfer of skill?
One skill helps another skill.
What is an example of a positive transfer of skill?
A football throw-in to a two handed overhead pass in basketball.
What is a negative transfer of skill?
One skill hinders another skill.
What is an example of a negative transfer of skill?
Not using the backboard to shoot from inside the key in basketball due to experience in GS in netball.
What is a retroactive transfer of skill?
A newly learnt skill has an impact on a previously learnt skill.
What is an example of retroactive transfer of skill?
Walking to jogging to running to sprinting by coordinating arms or legs.
What is a bilateral transfer of skill?
Being able to do the skill with
both sides of the body.
What is an example of bilateral transfer of skill?
A football player learns to kick a ball with the non-preferred foot, the actions are learnt through reference by the brain to the preferred foot.
What is a proactive transfer of skill?
A previously learnt skill has an impact on a newly learnt skill.
What is an example of proactive transfer of skill?
Steering a go-kart and pushing the accelerator or brake to drive a car.
What are ways to optimise positive transfer?
-Positive transfer is likely to occur only if environmental conditions are similar in both situations.
-Practices should simulate the stimuli and cues which occur in a performance to optimise the
learning and transfer of skills
-Coaches and performers must focus on consciously avoiding habits previously learned to limit
and avoid negative transfer.
-Depending on the performer and their ability level, personality type and motivation level, you could reward yourself for doing the right thing or add sanctions for doing the wrong thing.
-Use of video and photos to highlight successes and to focus on where improvements are required are key rather than relying solely on self-feedback or coaches feedback. There is
definitive proof.
What is an example of optimising positive transfer?
Using a cricket bat when learning to hit the golf ball then introduce the club/driver.
What is an example of limiting negative transfer?
Wrap a bandage around the racket handle/hand
to reduce wrist flexion/extension but allow pronation/supination/rotation.
How to optimise proactive transfer?
Link to the previous action and explain the small modifications required to add the top spin and highlight the advantages of being able to do this to win points.
What is an example of limiting retroactive transfer?
Condition the player to only flick when in the D to prevent them using it on the court/field in open play. Add a sanction to give possession to the opposition in
training if the player flicks and lifts the ball when they should not. This will help them to
think and make a decision in the game if they should push and keep the ball flat or flick/lift
it to shoot.
How to optimise bilateral transfer?
Use a mirror or photos to reverse the image of a
successful performance on the preferred foot and then use these to focus on how the
performer should learn to replicate this on the other side of the body.
