Transfusion Science Flashcards

Question

what do individuals with the Rhnull protein result with?

Answer 1

mild haemolytic anaemia

Answer 2

Ag encoded by alleles at KELL locus on chromosome 7. Antethical alleles K/k co-dominant typically high and low frequency

Answer 3

kell protein a single pass glycoprotein and has structural homology with a family of enzyme ZINC NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASES

Answer 4

depends on the production of Kx protein by genes at XK locus on chromosome X. Kell protein is complexed by a disulphides bridge to KX.

Answer 5

Lack Kx, all kell Ags decreased. acanthocytic, compensated HA

Answer 6

Fy locus on chromosome 1 Alleles are Fya and Fyb. Cya and Fyb Ags are co-dominant, they differ by 1 residue at position 44 glycine in Fya, asparganin in Fyb

Answer 7

On vascular endothelial cells and prukinje cells in the cerebellum. it is a receptor for 2 classes of proinfalmmatory chemokine, so may have a role as a scavenger for excess chemokine. it is also a receptor for plasmodium vivax and P kmowelsi.

Answer 8

occurs in populations where malaria is endemic. an alternative gene at the Fy locus, Fy occurs. The Fy gene is identical to Fyb gene in its structural region but has a mutation in the promoter region. glycoprotein is not produced on red cells when an individual is homozygous for this gene

Answer 9

``` JK locus (now called HUT11) on chromosome 18 multipass protein which carries human erythroid protein which carries human erythroid urea transporter as well as JK antigens Codominant alleles Jka and Jkb, differ by single amino acid substitution Aka-b phenotype, very rare,caused by inheritance of 'silent' allele JK or dominant inhibitor gene ln(JK) which is not linked to the JK locus - individual have defective urea transport ```

Answer 10

Chromosome 4, coding for glycophorin A and B respectively | M and N are alleles of GYPA and encode N and M Ags on GPA

Answer 11

IgG or IgM

Answer 12

``` Fever Chills Rigours Tight chest pin Joint pain Lower back pain Haemoglobinurea Renal failure disseminate intravascular coagulation high mortality rate ```

Answer 13

Binds to the red cell. macrophages bind via Fc receptor sites Cell phagocytksed or lysed

Answer 14

Delayed reaction 5-10 days

Answer 15

``` fever and chills Jaundice haemoglobin urea haemoglobin drops low mortality rate ```

Answer 16

condition in which the lifespan of infants red cells is shortened by the action of specific Ab derived from mother by placental transfer; disease begins in INTRAUTERINE life and may result in significant mortality and morbidity

Answer 17

``` anaemia hydrops foetalis Hyperbilirubinaemia neurological defects Kernicterus hepatosplenomegaly ```

Answer 18

ABO and RhD matched K -ve for women of childbearing age K-ve and full Rd phenotype for transfusion dependant pts

Answer 19

Anti-Jia is Ig3 complement binding and are labile in vivo and in vitro often falling to levels below detection

Answer 20

identify foetus at risk ABO,RhD type and Ab screen Repeat at 28 weeks gestation if no Ab detected originally Anti-D immunoglobin given if Ab detected, given at 30 weeks gestation post delivery further anti D immunoglobulin given

Answer 21

``` Anti D Anti C Anti K ABO Ab Anti E Anti Fya ```

Answer 22

donor bacteriamia, pack contaminant (often platelets) | symptoms appear immediately

Answer 23

``` fever and chills riggers hypertension collapse shock nausea vomittiing DIC intravascular haemolysis Renal failure ```

Answer 24

acute resp distress within 6 hrs of transfusion severe bilateral pulmonary oedema severe hypoxia fever nodular shadowing on X ray 90% caused by prevalence of HLA/Granulocyte specific Ab in donor plasma

Transfusion Science Flashcards

(51 cards)