Translating the genetic code Flashcards
What is another name for proteins
Polypeptides
What are the building blocks of proteins
amino acids, 20 different amino acids are found in living organisms
What is the genetic code
information that mRNA carries
Features of the genetic code
Triplet, degenerate, orderly, nearly universal
Translation
the process of converting information from one language into another. Genetic language of nucleic acid is translated into the language of proteins
Ribosome
reads mRNA’s message and carries out the messages’s instructions. Ribosomes are made up of ribosomal RNA and create proteins
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
runs a courier service to provide amino-acid building blocks to the working ribosome
What components are necessary for translation?
Ribosomes, the genetic code, amino acids, and tRNA
What are the two key elements of tRNA?
Anticodon and acceptor arm
Anticodon
a three base sequence on one loop of each tRNA, the anticodon is complementary to one of the codons spelled by mRNA
Acceptor arm
the single stranded tail of the tRNA, where the amino acids correspond to the codon is attached to the tRnA
What happens in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells?
Translation
What process involves ribosomes?
Translation
What process happens in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells?
Transcription
What process results in the production of RNA
Transcription
