Translation

Question 1

What is translation

Answer 1

Translation is the process of decoding mRNA to make proteins that contain specific amino acids

Question 2

Translation step 1: initation

Answer 2

• mRNA enters cytoplasm
• Ribosome binds to 5’ cap

Question 3

How does ribosome bind to mRNA

Answer 3

It consist of two subunits and mRNA gets clamped between them

Question 4

Translation step 2: Elongation

Answer 4

• Ribosome moves along the mRNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction and adds amino acids to every codon it reads.
• Ribosome have three binding sites, which tRNA passes through building a polypeptide chain
• this process repeats itself until a codon is reached

Question 6

Anticondon

Answer 6

tRNA reads the mRNA codon and matches an complementary codon (anticondon) to it, so when they bind the correct amino acid is delivered from the ribosome

Question 7

Wobble hypothesis

Answer 7

The third base can be different amongst codon, but still code for the same amino acid, this increases the chances of amino acid being right even with mutation and errors