Transmission

Question 1

Bluetongue

Answer 1

– transmitted via bite of biting midges,
– insemination with infected semen
– transplacental

Question 2

Bovine Ephemeral Fever

Answer 2

– transmitted from infected to susceptible cattle
by IV inoculation; as little as 0.005 mL of blood
collected during the febrile stage is infective
– virus has been recovered from anopheline and
culicine mosquitoes
– transmission by contact or fomites does not
occur

Question 3

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy

Answer 3

– foodborne exposure to prions via contaminated
animal-source protein (meat and bone meal)
– zoonotic

Question 4

Bovine Leukosis

Answer 4

– cattle are infected with BLV via the transfer of
blood and blood products that contain infected
lymphocytes
– horizontal transmission

Question 5

Bovine Petechial Fever

Answer 5

– unknown
– believed to be transmitted by arthropod vector which has yet to be identified

Question 6

Contagious Ecthyma

Answer 6

– when broken skin comes in contact with virus
from infected animals or fomites
– zoonotic

Question 7

Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Answer 7

– FMD virus enters the host via the respiratory and oral
route

Question 8

Maedi-visna

Answer 8

– infection is transmitted orally, usually by the ingestion of colostrum or milk that contains viral particles, or by the inhalation of infected aerosol droplets

Question 9

Malignant Catarrhal Fever

Answer 9

– transfer of virus-laden nasal secretions by direct contact or poorly defined airborne routes

Question 10

Rabies

Answer 10

– if an animal is capable of transmission via its saliva, virus will be detectable in the brain. Virus is shed intermittently in the saliva

Question 11

Warts

Answer 11

– direct contact via fomites, abrasions, fences, halters, contaminated tattooing or eartagging