Transmission of Communicable Diseases Flashcards
What are the two ways of transmission in both plant and animals?
Direct
Indirect
What are the two ways pathogens can cause disease?
-damaging cells
-produce cells
What is an exotoxin?
Secreted by a living, normal pathogen
What is an endotoxin?
Released when pathogen is damaged.
What are the methods of direct transmission in animals?
-direct contact
-inoculation
-Ingestion
What is inoculation?
Breaking through skin such as animal bites
What are the methods of indirect transmission in animals?
-Fomites
-Droplet infection
-Vectors
What are fomites?
inanimate objects
What are some of the factors which affect transmission of disease in animals?
-Overcrowding
-Poor nutrition
-Compromised immune system
-Disposal of waste
-Climate change
-Culture
-Socioeconomic factors
What are the ways that the spread of disease can be prevented in animals?
-Hand washing
-Improvements in living and working conditions
-Disposal of both bodily and household waste effectively
What are the methods of direct transmission in plants?
-Contact with leaves
What are the methods of indirect transmission in plants?
-Soil contamination
-Wind
-Water
-Animals
-Humans
What are some of the factors which affect transmission of disease in plants?
-Susceptibility of disease
-Overcrowding of planting
-Resistance
-Climatic conditions
-Climate Change
What are the ways that the spread of disease can be prevented in plants?
-Plenty of room between plants when planting
-Clear fields thoroughly
-Rotate crops
-Follow strict hygiene practices
-Control insect vectors
What are spores?
Very small reproductive structures released into environment via wind or water
