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Automotive Level 2 > Transmission System Outside the Gearbox > Flashcards

Transmission System Outside the Gearbox Flashcards

1
Q

What is one of the functions of the synchromesh?

A

To equalise the rotational speeds of the gear wheels

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2
Q

What is the process called when the synchromesh eliminates the difference in rotational speeds in a gearbox?

A

Synchronising

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3
Q

Which gears are equipped with a synchronising device on this gearbox?

A

The forward gears

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4
Q

The synchromesh doesn’t apply to reverse gear. What is the reverse gear process called? How does it work?

A

Sliding mesh
The gear wheels slide into contact

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5
Q

Sliding mesh is how rerverse gear operates. Is it synchronised?

A

No

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6
Q

List 7 components of a locking synchroniser

A

Synchroniser sleeve
Synchroniser hub
Locking pin
Tensioner spring
Needle-roller bearing
Synchromesh ring
Conical gear

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7
Q

What component connects the output shaft to the gear wheel on the output shaft?

A

The synchroniser sleeve

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8
Q

One of these 2 rotational speeds does not change, regardless of the gear setting. Which one:
The speed of the input shaft
The speed of the output shaft

A

The input shaft

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9
Q

What is essential in synchronising the speeds of the output shaft and synchroniser?

A

The input shaft needs to be interrupted temporarily using the clutch

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10
Q

Give 2 other names for the synchromesh-ring

A

Synchro-cone
Baulk ring

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11
Q

Where are the internal grooves of the synchromesh in the cross section?

A

Where the syncromesh ring touches the conical gear (the friction surface

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12
Q

What are the 2 main functions of the fine grooves on the inside of the synchromesh ring?

A

To drain excess lubricant from the 2 friction surfaces to increase friction
To hold a small amount of lubricant to minimise wear

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13
Q

What are synchromesh rings usually made of? Why?

A

Brass
It can handle friction very well

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14
Q

List 3 things that occur when the synchroniser sleeve shifts

A

The locking pin slides against the raised edge of the synchromesh-ring
The synchromesh-ring slides against the conical surface of the gear
The synchroniser sleeve pushes the locking pin down against the spring force

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15
Q

Which component limits how much the synchromesh-ring can rotate?

A

The locking pin(s)

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16
Q

Which 2 factors make the baulk ring move, with respect to the locking pin/synchroniser sleeve?

A

The increasing friction between the surfaces of the baulk ring and the conical gear
The difference in speeds of the baulk ring and the conical gear

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17
Q

What factor makes the synchro-cone rotate backwards, with respect to the locking pin/synchroniser sleeve?

A

The decrease in speed difference between the synchro-cone and conical gear

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18
Q

Why can’t you select gears when the difference in speed between the synchro-cone and conical gear is too great?

A

The outer teeth of the synchroniser sleeve are not yet aligned

19
Q

During synchronisation, is the locking pin pushed into the centre of the recess or pushed againt the end of the recess?

A

Pushed against the end

20
Q

During synchronisation, what happens to the teeth of the baulk ring and the synchroniser sleeve?

A

They are not aligned, they slide against each other

21
Q

Friction is the result of the force n the synchromesh-ring, created by the synchroniser sleeve. Between which components is the friction generated?

A

The synchromesh ring and the conical surface of the gear

22
Q

When can a gear with a locking synchroniser be selected?

A

When the speeds of the baulk ring and gear wheel are synchronised

23
Q

List 3 tasks the synchromesh must perform

A

Synchronise speeds
Prevent engagement of unsynchronised gears
Lock the gear

24
Q

What does it mean in terms of synchronisation that reverse gear has straight-cut teeth?

A

The gear is not synchronised

25
Q

What 3 points of data do you need to calculate the vehicle speed from the engine speed?

A

The gear ratio of the gear box
The ratio of the final drive in the differential
The diameter of the wheels

26
Q

Where is the final drive located?

A

Directly in the centre of the 2 back wheels, in the differential housing

27
Q

Why do cars have a gearbox?

A

So they can continue to maintain their optimal engine speed, while the vehicle speed can increase or decrease

28
Q

Why do cars have a final drive? What other component also contributes to this?

A

To increase torque and reduce speed
The gearbox

29
Q

What kind of transmission do the gearbox and differential use to alter torque and speed?

A

Gear wheel transmission

30
Q

Give one other name for the crown wheel in the differential

A

Ring gear

31
Q

How can you calculate gear index in the differential, using the teeth on cogs?

A

The ratio of the crown wheel’s teeth, to the drive pinion’s teeth

32
Q

The ring gear and drive pinion are at right angles to each other, when not turning. Which one is connected to the drive shaft? Which one is connected to the prop-shaft (propeller shaft)

A

Drive pinion
Ring gear

33
Q

Out of the ring gear and the drive pinion, which one is the driver? Which one is the driven?

A

Drive pinion
Ring gear

34
Q

When steering left, which side of the car needs to travel faster and further?

A

The right side

35
Q

List 2 functions of the differential

A

Enable a difference in speed between the driven wheels
Ensure drive through 90 degrees to the rear wheels

36
Q

What would happen to the car while turning left if there were no differential?

A

The left wheels would continue to rotate as fast as the right wheels, while covering less distance and therefore wear quicker

37
Q

Where is the rear subframe located?

A

Around/above the drive shaft

38
Q

Name the main 3 kinds of differential found in 4-wheel drive cars

A

Front differential
Centre differential
Rear differential

39
Q

In a 4-wheel drive car, there is no prop-shaft. What takes its place to connect the front and rear of the car?

A

A drive shaft

40
Q

List 6 components that make up a differential. Which 3 are there 2 of?

A

A ring gear
A drive pinion
A differential carrier
2 pinion gears
2 side gears
2 axle shafts

41
Q

What is the rear axle?

A

The whole area at the rear, including the wheels, drive shaft and rear subframe

42
Q

What gear drives the ring gear?

A

The drive pinion

43
Q

If the engine speed is 100 rpm and there is no braking, what is the wheel speed? If the differential makes the left wheel brake 50%, what with the wheel speed of the right wheel be?

A

100 rpm
150 rpm

44
Q

What is the disadvantage of a differential?

A

Torque is only transferred if both wheels have grip

Automotive Level 2 (20 decks)

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