transportation of oxygen Flashcards
plasma
fluid part of blood that surrounds blood cells and transports them
what happens to oxygen during exercise
- diffuses into capillaries 3% dissolving into plasma and the rest combines with haemoglobin to form oxyhaeomglobin
- when fully saturated, haemoglobin will carry four oxygen molecules. This occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood is high e.g. alveolar capillaries of the lungs
- at the tissues, oxygen is released from oxyhemoglobin due to the lower pressure of oxygen = oxyhemoglobin dissociation
oxyhaemoglobin dissociation
at tissues oxygen is released from oxyhemoglobin due to lower pressure of oxygen
where is oxygen stored in the muscle
in the muscles, oxygen is stored by myoglobin
- this has a higher affinity for oxygen and will store the oxygen for the mitochondria until it is used by the muscles
-myoglobin transports oxygen to mitochondria
mitochondria
centres in the muscle where aerobic respiration takes place
bohr shift
s-shaped curve shifts to the right because when muscles require more oxygen, the dissociation of oxygen from haemoglobin in blood capillaries to the muscle tissue occurs more readily
factors responsible for the increase in dissociation of oxygen from haemoglobin which results in more oxygen being available for use by the woking muscles are:
increase in blood temperature - when blood and muscle temp increases during exercise, oxygen will dissociate from haemoglobin more readily
partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases - as the level of blood carbon dioxide rises during exercise, oxygen will dissociate faster from haemoglobin
pH - more carbon dioxide will lower the pH in the blood. A drop in blood pH will cause oxygen to dissociate from haemoglobin more quickly (bohr shift)
oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
- at pp of oxygen in lungs haemoglobin is almost completely saturated with oxygen
- in tissues pp of oxygen is lower so the haemoglobin gives up some of its oxygen to the tissues
