vascular system Flashcards
what is the vascular system made up of
made up of blood vessels that carry blood through the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body and tissues and take away waste products
2 types of circulation
- pulmonary - deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart
- systemic - oxygenated blood to the body from the heart and then the return of deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
pulmonary
deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart
systemic
oxygenated blood to the body from the heart and then the return of deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
list the 5 blood vessels in order
heart -> arteries -> arterioles -> capillaries -> venues -> veins -> heart
viens
- thinner muscle/elastic tissue layers
- blood is at a lower pressure and they have valves and a wider lumen
arteries
- highest pressure
- smaller lumen and smooth inner layer
capillaries
- only wide enough to allow one red blood cell to pass through which slows down blood flow and allows the exchange of nutrients with the tissues to take place by diffusion
blood pressure
force exerted by the blood against the blood vessel wall
- blood flow x resistance
systolic pressure
the pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting
diastolic pressure
the pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing
explain what happens when the heart contracts
- when heart contracts it forces blood out under high pressure = systolic pressure
- the lower pressure as the ventricles relax = diastolic pressure
where is blood pressure measured
at the brachial artery in the upper arm
blood pressure is dependant on:
- the blood vessel
- which is dependant on the distance of the blood vessel from the heart
(the low pressure in the veins means that mechanisms are needed to pump the blood back to the heart)
