Trauma From Occlusion- Implants Flashcards by Rachel Eifert

True or False: Dental implants act similarly to ankylosed teeth.

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is osseointegration?

DIRECT bone-implant surface mechanical interlocking

as opposed to indirect interaction of natural tooth which has a PDL that attaches cementum to bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Natural teeth can adapt to heavy forces due to the PDL attachment apparatus; implanted teeth experience _____ at bone-implant surface interface.

continuous bone remodeling

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the difference between tooth mobility and implant mobility?

Tooth Mobility: Physiological (PDL remodeling) or Pathological phenomena
Implant Mobility: always a Pathological phenomena… the implant is failing and should be removed

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

True or False: There is a threshold for dental implants and crossing that amount would result in microfractures.

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is “primary stability” associated with dental implants?

the stability of the implant at the time of placement; mechanical interlocking mechanism between the screw and bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which two factors will influence primary stability of the dental implant?

bone density

2. implant fixture design

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the conventional healing time for mandibular implants?

3 months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the conventional healing time for maxillary implants?

6 months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Why do maxillary implants take longer to heal?

less dense bone (more trabecular/spongy)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the three stages of functional loading on an implant?

Immediate (at time of placement)
Early (before conventional healing is complete)
Late (following 3-6 mos conventional healing time)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The implant restorative design is one of four designs:

Single Tooth (most difficult)
Multiple Unit-Fixed-Splinted (group control)
Full Mouth-Fixed-Implant Supported
Full Mouth-Removable-Implant Supported

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the implications of implants in “excessive” occlusion?

Porcelain fracture
Screw loosening or fracture
Implant fixture fracture
Mobility of adjacent teeth
Eruption/Malocclusion of adjacent teeth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

True or False: With dental implants, nerve endings are lost and reduction in mechanoreceptors makes it difficult to feel.

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

True or False: Myelinated fiber content of the mental nerve is reduced by 20% with dental implants.

False: fiber content of INFERIOR ALVEOLAR nerve is reduced by 20%

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tooth extraction leads to _______ _______ in the peri-implant area.

sensory amputation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

True or False: During healing, there is a gradual increase in free nerve endings close to the implant-bone interface.

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In the peri-implant area, where are mechanoreceptors found?

in the periosteum

they are adapting after loss of tooth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

“Tactile Sensibility” is sensory feedback through receptors that are localized within the _____ and ____.

PDL

bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Receptors located in the PDL are sensing _______.

viscoelasticity

remember viscosity is the resistance to fluid flow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Receptors located in the bone are sensing ______.

Elasticity

the ability to resist a distorting influence or stress and to return to original size and shape when stress is removed

_____ _____ is necessary for fine tuning of jaw and limb motor control.

Tactile Sensibility (sensory feedback)

What is “thickness discrimination”?

the ability to detect a certain thickness when the item is between antagonistic teeth upon tooth loading

What is the difference in thickness discrimination between natural teeth and implants?

Natural: 20 micrometers upon 1-2 grams of loading
Implant: 50-100 micrometers upon 50-100 grams

Does the thickness discrimination increase or decrease after implants?

Discrimination decreases....however, that means that the THICKNESS that is sensed must INCREASE (less mechanoreception results in heavier loading)

How many movement PHASES does a natural tooth have? How many does an implant have?

Tooth: two Implant: one

What are the two "movement phases" of a natural tooth?

Primary: non-linear and complex Secondary: linear and elastic

What is the "movement phase" of an implant?

linear and elastic (same as natural "secondary phase")

How many movement PATTERNS does a natural tooth have? How many does an implant have?

Natural: two Implant: one

What are the movement patterns of natural teeth compared to implant teeth?

``` Natural: Primary= immediate movement Secondary= gradual movement Implant: Gradual movement only ```

With an implant, where is stress concentrated?

crestal bone

How does proprioception differ between a tooth and an implant?

osseoperception = implant | PDL mechanoreceptors = tooth

What are the 3 types of forces?

1. Static 2. Functional 3. Excessive

What is a static force?

constant force applied as in orthodontic movements

What is a functional force?

intermittent, multidirectional forces that would occur when a tooth/implant is in normal function

What is an excessive force?

force that well-exceeds those of teeth/implants in normal functioning (cantilevered implants)

Which aspect of a tooth or implant will "take the force?"

diameter

True or False: Functional loading may increase bone-to-implant contact; however, 100% bone-implant surface contact is not possible.

True... 100% is NOT possible

``` Loading time (for functional occlusal forces) depends on: 1. 2. 3. 4. ```

1. primary stability of the implant 2. implant design 3. restorative design 4. presence/absence of risk factors

Occlusal trauma is a _______ etiological factor for periodontal disease.

Secondary

Occlusal trauma can be a ________ etiological factor for PERI-implant disease.

Primary

What is "Retrograde Peri-implantitis?"

a lesion that is periapical to an osseointegrated implant. The condition is identifiable by radiological examination and from clinical symptoms such as pain and tenderness

Bruxism can create complications for dental implants. What can be done to combat these complications?

1. use LONGER and WIDER implants | 2. ensure properly THICK bone is in place for support

Implants cannot tolerate _____ forces well. Therefore, forces should be directed ________.

lateral | parallel to the long axis of the implant

What is the "all on 4" implant technology?

a new technology in which an entire arch is supported by four implants

Research has shown that implant ______ is more critical than length in reducing the bone stress.

diameter

New concepts allow for ______-______ implants.

wide-short

______ loads induced more bone strain and implant stress than _______loads.

Lateral | Vertical

In order to avoid a "distal cantilever" when using the All-on-4 technique, the last implant on each side should be tilted with the root apex pointing toward the _____.

midline

True or False: With typical implants and with the All-on-4 technique, multiple implants within an arch should be arranged in parallel.

False: Typical implants YES parallel | All-on-4: the implants that are farthest distal should be tilted with "crowns to distal" and "root apex toward midline"

Distal-tilted implants (the crown is distal) can produce higher _____ strength when compared to vertical implants.

tensile

Distal tilted implants in complete-arch prostheses allow a reduction in _______ stresses at the distal peri-implant bone.

compressive