treatment

Question 1

antipsychotic drugs are divided by:

Answer 1

chemical structure, type of receptor binding, adverse effects

Question 2

antipsychotics 2 main groups:

Answer 2

1st generation, 2nd generation

Question 3

dopamine receptor antagonists:

Answer 3

block dopamine receptors so that the activity of dopamine in brain is suppressed

Question 4

first generation antipsychotics primarily block:

Answer 4

dopamine type 2 receptors

Question 5

first gen antipsychotics are often referred to as:

Answer 5

typical antipsychotic drugs

Question 6

first gen antipsychotics also have which ergics?

Answer 6

noradrenergic, cholinergic, and histaminergic blocking action. referred to as dirty drugs

Question 7

what are antipsychotics known to do? (3)

Answer 7

1. reduce positive symptoms
2. reduce agitation and aggression
3. produce minor improvements in negative symptoms

Question 8

examples of first gen antipsychotics:

Answer 8

thorazine, haldol

Question 9

first gen have more or less adverse effects?

Answer 9

more

Question 10

serotonin dopamine antagonists:

Answer 10

block both serotonin and dopamine receptors so that both are suppressed in brain

Question 11

2nd gen known as:

Answer 11

SGA’s or atypical antipsychotics

Question 12

2nd gen antipsychotics have more or less adverse effects?

Answer 12

less

Question 13

do 1st gen or 2nd gen might be better at reducing negative symptoms?

Answer 13

2nd gen

Question 14

examples of 2nd gen antipsychotics

Answer 14

clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine

Question 15

effectiveness of both classes of antipsychotics is best when they block about:

Answer 15

72-75 percent of the D2 dopamine receptors in brain. more than this results in adverse effects

Question 16

some adverse effects:

Answer 16

extrapyramidal symptoms, sedation, weight gain

Question 17

extrapyramidal symptoms:

Answer 17

involuntary movements, tremors or muscle contractions

Question 18

sedation:

Answer 18

sleepiness

Question 19

weight gain over 12 weeks with 2nd gen are both risk factors for:

Answer 19

a range of poor health outcomes

Question 20

rare side effect of 1st gen antipsychotics is:

Answer 20

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 21

what does neuroleptic malignant syndrome involve side effect wise?

Answer 21

hyperthermia, musular rigidity, tachycardia, hyper or hypotension, confusion, autonomic instability, rhabdolyoliss

Question 22

when is neuroleptic malignant syndrome most common?

Answer 22

in first weeks of treatment

Question 23

increased risk of neuroleptic malignant syndrome with:

Answer 23

higher doses, multiple drugs, male and young

Question 24

agranulocytosis:

Answer 24

life threatening blood disorder characterized by a drop in white blood cells

Question 25

agranulocytosis occurs in 1-2 percent of people being treated with which antipsychotic?

Answer 25

clozapine (2nd gen)

Question 26

agranulocytosis produces symtoms such as:

Answer 26

fever and chills, increased heart rate, labored breathing, hypotension, muscle weakness and fatigue, sore throat and bleeding gums, ulcers in mouth and throat

Question 27

relapse is very common true or false:

Answer 27

true, primary cause is non adherence

Question 28

long acting antipsychotics include:

Answer 28

oral formulations and injectables

Question 29

oral formations include:

Answer 29

rapid discontinuation, enhanced autonomy, less frequent visits

Question 30

injectables include:

Answer 30

detection of relapse, relapse prevention, less hospitalization, stable concentrations, less poisoning risk

Question 31

injectables also known as:

Answer 31

depot antipsychotics. developed to enhance adherence and same effectiveness of oral medications