TREMATODES: Digenea spp. Flashcards
What is the predilection site for P. kellicotti, and what clinical signs can result from its infection?
- Lung parenchyma
- Developing cysts can lead to an intermitten cough, or in heave infections - severe cough, dyspnea, pneumothorax, bronchiectasis, hemoptysis, pneumonia, and death
Who are the abherrant hosts for Fascioloides magna?
Sheep and goats
A farmer had several cattle die due to F. magna. The cattle were pastured near or in the same pasture as adjacent white tailed deer. How would you test the white tailed deer to see if they also have F. magna?
Fecal sedimentation
As a result of increased burdens of F. hepatica in horses, will adults cause increased or decreased susceptibility to other diseases?
Adults to not form in horses, as well as people, as they are the accidental and abherrant hosts
What pathogenesis is associated with Platynosomum fastosum?
Hyperplastic bile ducts, leading to a palpable liver, icterus and death
Who are the FH’s or DH’s for lung fluke infections?
P. kellicotti infects dogs and cats
How many IH’s are commonly needed for completion of trematode life cycles?
2, the first being an aquatic snail
Who are the DH’s or FH’s?
White tailed deer, elk, caribou, wild cervids (spp. of the deer family)
What is the common name for Paramphistomum spp.?
Rumen fluke
Who are the DH’s or FH’s of rumen fluke infections?
Ruminants (buffalo, cattle, sheep, goats) and cervids (deer, antelope)
You find hundreds of this parasite during a necropsy of a sheep. It suffered from diarrhea, anemia, and anorexia. What is it?
Paraphistomum spp.
What predilection sites are associated with Paramphisotomum spp. infections?
Immatures = Duodenum
Adults = Rumen
Several sheep have fallen ill and died. You suspect Fascioloides magna is the cause of their deaths. What would you expect to find during necropsy?
A shredded/ diseased liver and immature flukes only
In the SE U.S.A., what seasons are you most likely to diagnose or find them on pastures? When is the optimal time for treatment?
- From fall to spring, as there is no transmission over the summer (due to heat, etc.)
- Most effective treatment is at the end of the year, Oct. to Dec., when there are only adults (or the largest amounts fo adults)
What diagnoses can be used for the liver fluke of cats?
- Double centrifugation with sugar
- Abdominal ultrasound
- Liver biopsy
True or False: Trematodes are geographically distributed based on the presence of their intermediate host.
True
How pathogenic are N. salmonicola to dogs and other canids?
Very, if they contain Neorickettsia helminthoeca
You find these operculated eggs in cattle. The cows are showing clinical signs of bottle jaw and anemia. During necrospy of those that died you expect to see what type of pathogenesis?
Pipestem liver due to Fasciola hepatica infections
Where do juvenile flukes, once inside the DH or FH, migrate to?
The bile duct, where they develop into adults and lay eggs
What is the common name for Platynosomum fastosum?
Liver fluke of Cats
Do adult Alaria spp. infections in DH’s or FH’s result in pathogenicity?
No, they have no associated clinical signs
Where does F. hepatica have a predilection site for? What pathogenesis are they associated with?
Bile ducts, where they migrate to and then feed. They cause irritation, fibrosis, anemia, bottle jaw, pipestem liver, diarrhea, and inappentence
What common disease name is associated with Platynosumum fastosum infections in cats?
Lizard poisoning
A farmer is worried about F. hepatica and F. magna, and wants to know how to decrease his animals’ exposure to the intermediate host. What do you tell him?
Don’t allow your animals to graze on wet/ marshy lands (source for aquatic snail IHs)
