triangles of the neck

Question 1

where are pancoast tumors

Answer 1

they are at the apex of the lung and can spread to the upper thorax and neck

Question 2

where do the 2 triangles of the neck join?

Answer 2

trapezius to the sternalcleidomastoid. this is the posterior triangle.
the anterior triangle is from the midline of the neck to the sternocleidomastoid.

Question 3

which looks like the inverted triangle?

Answer 3

the anterior triangle of the neck looks like the inverted triangle

Question 4

name the subregions of the neck from posterior to anterior

Answer 4

suboccipital region
posterior cervical region 
lateral cervical region 
sternocleidomastoid region 
anterior cervical region

Question 5

the sternocleidomastoid region has two heads at the midline, what is the joining of the 2 heads called?

Answer 5

lesser supraclavicular fossa.

Question 6

the roots of the brachial plexuses found deep under which region?

Answer 6

omoclavicular triangle

Question 7

what are the names of the 2 triangles that the lateral cervical region is split into?

Answer 7

posteriorly- occipital triangle

anteriorly-omoclaviular triangle

Question 8

what is the chin triangle called?

Answer 8

submental triangle

Question 9

where is the carotid bifurcation on the neck?

Answer 9

along the sternocleidomastoid region and the meeting of carotid triangle line.

Question 10

what are the 4 regions, that the anterior cervical region is split into?

Answer 10

the submental triangle,
the submandibular triangle,
the carotid triangle,
the muscular triangle

Question 11

what is inside the pretracheal layer?

Answer 11

it has the trachea,
the oesophagus,
thyroid gland

Question 12

what is the pretracheal layer named so?

Answer 12

as it goes in front of the trachea

Question 13

what is In the prevertebral layer?

Answer 13

the vertebrae and the spinal cord and muscles (erector spinae of the back)

Question 14

what is the platysma muscle like?

Answer 14

it is a thin layer of muscle along the outside of the front and lateral sides of the neck

Question 15

where does the external jugular vein run?

Answer 15

on top of the sternalclediomastoid muscles once you remove the platysma muscle

Question 16

where does the anterior scalene muscle attach onto?

Answer 16

the 1st rib and forms the nubble on the rib.

Question 17

where does the posterior scalene muscle attach onto?

Answer 17

the 2nd rib

Question 18

what is infront of the anterior scalene- rib attachment?

Answer 18

subclavian veins

Question 19

what is behind the anterior scalene muscle?

Answer 19

the subclavian artery and behind that is 5 nerve roots coming out to form the brachial plexus

Question 20

what nerves is the scalene muscles innervated by?

Answer 20

the cervical spinal nerves

Question 21

what is the muscle in the neck which have the sharp angle and why?

Answer 21

the omohyoid (has the superior and inferior bellies) 
as it is threading through the fascial sling to give it that angle

Question 22

where does the sternothyroid go?

Answer 22

goes from the sternum to the thyroid

Question 23

what are the 3 layers of deep cervical fascia?

Answer 23

investing, pretracheal, prevertebral

Question 24

what muscles does the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia enclose?

Answer 24

the trapezius and the two sternocleidomastoids.

and also the submandibular gland

Question 25

what does the carotid sheath enclose?

Answer 25

the internal jugular vein, the common carotid artery and vagus nerve.

Question 26

what is the function of the retropharyngeal space?

Answer 26

it is the potential space between the pretracheal layer and the buccopharyngeal layer. it allows the vertical movement of the pharynx, larynx, oesophagus and trachea during swallowing.

Question 27

in which region is the middle and posterior scalene muscles found?

Answer 27

in the lateral cervical region

Question 28

what supplies the sternocleidomastoid muscles?

Answer 28

the spinal accessory nerve

Question 29

what are the two heads and the space in-between the two heads of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Answer 29

the sternal head and the clavicular head.

the space is the lesser supraclavicular fossa.

Question 30

what are the infrahyoid muscles and in what fascia layer are they in?

Answer 30

sternothyroid, sternohyoid, omohyoid and thryohyoid muscles and they are in the pretracheal layer

Question 31

what is the function of the infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 31

they are the strap muscles. they are 4 muscles in the anterior part of the neck.
they help dress the hyoid bone.

Question 32

what are the infrahyoid muscles innervated by?

Answer 32

by the inferior and superior thyroid muscles.