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Cardiology (Fall 2023) > Trigger - Cardiomyopathy > Flashcards

Trigger - Cardiomyopathy Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

often missed or underappreciated on echo

A

diastolic dysfunction

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2
Q

characterized by Abnormal LV relaxation and filling
as well as Elevated filling pressures

A

diastolic dysfunction

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3
Q

results in necrosis and degeneration of myocytes as well as dilated Cardiomyopathy

A

myocarditis

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4
Q

can be caused by cytotoxic effects or immune responses

A

myocarditis

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5
Q

how long does the acute phase of myocarditis last? chronic phase?

A

acute 2 weeks
chronic (aeverything after 2 weeks)

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6
Q

Presents with chest pain, SOB, fever, HF s/s, and arrhythmias (palps, syncope, death)

A

acute infective myocarditis

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7
Q

PE shows pleural friction rub, S3/S4 gallop, volume overload and mitral/tricuspid regurg murmur

A

myocarditis

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8
Q

CXR showing cardiomegaly, pul edema
EKG showing PVCs, sinus tach and dysrhythmias

A

infective myocarditis

may also see elevated troponins

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9
Q

Elevated ESR, CBC showing eosinophilia, elevated BNP

A

infective myocarditis

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10
Q

this imaging can aid in assessing the extent of inflammation, myocyte necrosis and scarring and also shows ventricualr size/shape

A

Cardiac MRI in infective myocarditis

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11
Q

T/F - if there is diastolic dysfunction, there is ALWAYS systolic dysfunction

A

FALSEEEEEEEE

systolic always leads to diastolic dysfunction.

BUT diastolic dysfunction is not always CAUSED by systolic dysfunction

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12
Q

definitive dx for infective myocarditis

A

histology with endomyocardial biopsy.

NOT COMMONLY USED unless it will change management for case

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13
Q

treatment for myocarditis

A
  • cardiology consult
  • LVEF <40% = ACE and BB
  • NSAIDS (colchicine) for pain
  • manage arrhythmias
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14
Q

characterized by LVEF <40% with NO CAD or valvular disease.

A

Dilated CM (dilation and impaired contraction of one or both ventricles)

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15
Q

3x more common in black patients

A

DCM

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16
Q

primary cause is idiopathic

A

DCM

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17
Q

caused by chagas disease and lyme disease

A

DCM

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18
Q

TB, Meningococcal, and pneumococcal bacteria

A

DCM

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19
Q

autosomal dominant trait

A

DCM
HCM

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20
Q

involves antibodies to a variety of cardiac proteins

A

autosomal dominant inherited DCM

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21
Q

thryoid dysfunction
pheochromocytoma
cushings
GH excess/deficiency

A

DCM

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22
Q

How does Peripartum CM present

A

SCA or CHF in late pregnancy or early postpartum

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23
Q

PE shows ascites, peripheral edema, elevated JVD

A

DCM

also PE:
S3/S4 gallop
Rales
Ascites
Peripheral edema
Elevated JVD
murmur or tricuspid/mitral regurg

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24
Q

PE shows rales, S3/S4 gallop and tricuspid or mitral regurg murmur

Study These Flashcards
A

DCM

also PE:
S3/S4 gallop
Rales
Ascites
Peripheral edema
Elevated JVD
murmur or tricuspid/mitral regurg

25
EKG shows tachy, LBBB and/or pulsus alternans
DCM
26
if a CM patient has dyspnea, what test should you order and why?
BNP or NT-ProBNP for prognosis and disease severity
27
what confirms vnetricular dilation and excludes vascular disease in a DCM patient
Echo! also dx LV systolic fxn and Pulm HTN
28
presents with tricuspid or mitral regurg murmur
Infective myocarditis or DCM i think maybe possible HCM too but im not sure
29
diastolic dysfunction is associated with which cardiomyopathys
Restrictive and hypertrophic
30
non-dilated ventricles with impaired filling. fibrosis of ventricular wall.
restrictive cardiomyopathy
31
biatrial enlargement
restrictive cardiomyopathy
32
Most Uncommon type of cardiomyopathy
restrictive cardiomyopathy
33
caused by infiltrative diseases or storage diseases
restrictive cardiomyopathy can also be caused by radiation, chemo (MCC), carcinoid HD, hypereosinophillic syndrome
34
MCC in the US is chemo
restrictive cardiomyopathy
35
treatment for restrictive cardiomyopathy
* treat underlying cuase * diuretics for edema and congestion
36
characterized by LV hypertrophy and interventricular septum dysfunction
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
37
genetic mutations of sarcomere genes
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
38
Presents with fatigue, Chest pain, CHF, and syncope
HCM also see: Carotid pulses bisferiens d/t mimicked aortic stenosis. increased risk for arrhythmias
39
Carotid pulses bisferiens d/t mimicked aortic stenosis.
HCM
40
Mid-systolic, harsh, 3rd-4th intercostal that is louder with valsalva
HCM this murmur is QUIETER with SQUATTING
41
EKG shows LVH
HCM
42
Echo showing LV wall >1.5 cm thick
HCM
43
in this diagnosis we AVOID diuretics and vasodilators. Why?
HCM. because they lower preload and we do not want that
44
treated with BB and verapamil
HCM
45
procedures considered for this diagnosis is septal myectomy and alcohol septal ablation
HCM
46
in this diagnosis, it is reccomended to screen 1st degree relatives annually with an echo until they are 20. then Q5 years after.
HCM
47
characterized by systolic dysfunction presenting as CHF (edema, JVD, Dyspnea)
ischemic cardiomyopathy
48
EKG with possible Q waves and CXR showing pulmonary edema
ischemic cardiomyopathy
49
echo showing decreased LVEF and regional wall motion abnormalities
ischemic cardiomyopathy
50
RV free wal myocardium replaced by fibrous/fatty tissue leading to RV dilation and abnormal function of RV
Arrhythmogenic RVCM
51
Causes sudden death in young adults in Europe primarily
Arrhythmogenic RVCM
52
presents as Chest pain Palpitations, Syncope, SCA
arrhythmogenic RVCM
53
Altered myocardial wall d/t intrauterine arrest of compaction of loose interwoven meshwork
LV noncompaction CM
54
Presents as CHF, Ventricular arrhythmias, thromboembolisms
LV noncompaction cardiomyopathy
55
Causes ACS due to high catecholamine surge
takotsubo cardiomyppathy aka broken heart syndrome
56
MC in postmenopausal women
takotsubo cardiomyppathy aka broken heart syndrome
57
LV apical ballooning on echo or LV angiography
takotsubo cardiomyppathy aka broken heart syndrome
58
treated with BB for one year
takotsubo cardiomyppathy aka broken heart syndrome
59
yayyyyy donezo

Cardiology (Fall 2023) (45 decks)

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