Turco Flipped Flashcards
(23 cards)
Complex 1
Takes electrons from NADH and recycles back the NAD…transfers electronas to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q)
Complex 2
Generates fumarate and puts electrons onto UQ…uses FADH2
Complex 3
Moves electrons to cytochrome C
Complex 4
Moves electrons to oxygen
Electron energies
Originally high…end up low
Energy gradient created
Both pH and charge gradient…want to get back into the matrix but cannot…need pump
F0
Channel that allows electrons to move back in
F1
Converts 3 ADP to 3 ATP
Electron transport/ATP coupling
They can be decoupled…this is seen in pahtolgoies
What controls ETC rate?
ADP controls the rate…it rushes into matrix and turns on enzymes telling you to make more ATP
Shivering
Muscle contraction in order to make more ATP and generate heat (50/50)
Anaerorbic conditions effects
mitochondrial ATP decreases
Glycolysis will increase because of low ATP not inhibting PFK1
Oxidative phosphorylation decreases and substrate level increases
Odor of bitter almonds
Cyanide poisoning
Cyanide mech
binds to Fe3+ in complex 4…means it cannot accept electrons and therefore ETC stops…No ATP made aerobically
Cyanide other effects
Anything biosynthetic will decrease…have to generatre ATP by anaerboci metabolism…fatty acid and ketone breakdown decreases…lactic acid metabolism will increase
Bartbituates
Inhibit complex 1…ETC stops
CO mech
Binds to Fe 2+ in complex 4, ETC stop
Halotane
Uncoupler…means that 50% not captured to make ATP so 100% heat…fever…nothing wrong with ETC, just ATP production
Thermogenin
Found in brown adipose tissue in babies…proton channel…gives child warmer feeling
Tachypnea
Heavy breathing occurs when you have fever because ADP levels are rising and ADP controls rate of ETC…have to breathe in more oxygen
MELAS
Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke
Mitochondrial inheritance
ALL from the mother…easy to ID
Cause of MELAS
tRNA (leu) deficit
