Turning points Flashcards
(12 cards)
1
Q
When and what was the 19th Amendment?
A
- 1920
- granted women the right to vote in federal and state elections
- result of decades of activism by groups like NAWSA
2
Q
how was the 19th Amendment a turning point?
A
- ended gender-based disenfranchisement
- allowed women to influence policy directly
- set a precedent for federal involvement in gender equality
3
Q
How was the 19th Amendment not a turning point?
A
- Many minority groups still faced legal barriers to voting e.g. Literacy tests, poll tax
- women’s representation in politics remained low with very few in office
- did not challenge economic or social needs
4
Q
How was WW2 beneficial to women?
A
- During WW2, men were drafted into the military
- Women took on jobs in industry, engineering and government
- Rosie the Riveter became symbolic
5
Q
How was WW2 a turning point for women?
A
- 6 million women entered the workforce
- temporarily broke down gendered employment segregation
- gave women more financial independence
6
Q
How was WW2 not a turning point?
A
- After the war, most women were dismissed from their jobs to make room for returning men
- post-war culture reinforced domesticity (e.g. baby boom, suburban ideals)
- no long term legal protections or equal pay provided
7
Q
When and what was the Feminine Mystique and the Rise of Second-Wave feminism?
A
- 1963
- Betty Friedan’s book criticised the limited roles of women
- coined the term ‘the problem that has no name’
- became motivation for educated middle class women who felt unfulfilled
8
Q
How was the the feminine mystique a turning point?
A
- started second-wave feminism, focusing on issues beyond suffrage e.g. workplace rights, legal inequality, reproductive rights
- Friedan created NOW in 1966
- encouraged women to pursue careers, education
9
Q
How was the Feminine Mystique not a turning point?
A
- overlooked working-class, minority, and rural issues
- failed to unify all of the women’s movement
10
Q
What and when was Roe v Wade
A
- 1973
- US SC ruled that state laws banning abortion were unconstitutional
11
Q
How was Roe v Wade a turning point?
A
- legalised abortion nationwide
- marked a major feminist legal victory and expanded the definition of civil rights
12
Q
How was Roe v Wage not a turning point?
A
- triggered a powerful conservative backlash
- access to abortion remained unequal
- other legislation like the Hyde Amendment 1976 later undermined this by preventing use of federal funding
