types of selection

Question 1

when does selection occur?

Answer 1

when there is a difference in the fitness (survival and/or reproduction) of individuals based on their phenotype

Question 2

what happens when individuals contribute relatively more offspring to the next generation?

Answer 2

the frequency of favoured trait increases in next gen

Question 3

what are the 3 conditions of selection?

Answer 3

• variation of a trait
• heritability of a trait
• differential fitness awarded by a trait

Question 4

what are qualitative traits?

Answer 4

traits that have discreet qualities often controlled by alleles at a single locus

Question 5

what are quantitative traits?

Answer 5

traits that show continuous variation, can be influenced by genes at may loci as well as by environment

Question 6

what is directional selection?

Answer 6

aka positive selection that favours and extreme value (moves towards 0, or infinity)

Question 7

what is stabilising selection?

Answer 7

aka balancing selection that favours average values

Question 8

what is disruptive selection?

Answer 8

diversifying selection that favours both extreme values

Question 9

what is the difference between intra-sexual and inter-sexual sexual selection?

Answer 9

intra-sexual: competition between members of the same sex
inter-sexual: mate choice