Types of Tissues Flashcards
Tissue def
a group of cells with the same morphology (shape) and function.
There are 4 types of tissue:
Epithelial tissue (epithelium), muscle tissue, connective tissue and nervous tissue.
Epithelial tissue def
Lining outside surfaces (skin), and the inside of hollow organs, is the inner-most lining.
3 types of epithelial cells:
squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Simple squamous epithelium def+examples
- one layer of squamous cell, forming alveoli and capillaries. This arrangement allows relatively free passage of molecules between the cells.
Simple cuboidal epithelium def+examples
- one layer of cuboidal cells. Found in places like the kidneys, where a high level of absorption and secretion is needed.
Simple columnar epithelium def+examples
simple layer of columnar cells, found in places like the small intestine, offering protection and absorption.
Stratified squamous epithelium-
def+examples
Multiple layers of squamous cells. Found in the skin (epidermis) and places under mechanical pressure, like the pharynx.
Stratified cuboidal epithelium def+examples
multiple layers of cuboidal cells. Found in many exocrine glands like salivary, pancreas, sebaceous- secretional glands.
Stratified columnar epithelium def+examples
multiple layers of columnar cells. Found in the eye and urethra- places where high protection is needed.
Pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium- def+examples
One layer of columnar cells that appear to be stratified because the nuclei are a different heights. This tissue when ciliated can be found in the trachea. Helps to clean the air from pollutants by trapping them.
Transitional epithelium- def+examples
A mixture of epithelial cells that’s found in the urinary bladder, allowing it to expand and protecting the underlying tissue from the urine.
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium-
The cells have a keratin layer, and the exterior cell layer is dead. The cells contain no nucleus or cytoplasm, making them tough and resistant (like in human skin).
*Keratin - protein fiber helps make intermediate filaments.
Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium-
Doesn’t have a keratin layer, making it moist, like in the esophagus lining and in the pharynx.
Smooth Muscle Tissue cell Shape
Spindle shape
Cardiac muscle cell Shape
Branched shape
With intercalated discs, providing synchronised contractions.
Skeletal muscle cell Shape
Cylindrical shape.
Long, thin muscle fibres
how many nuclei (nucleus ) in smooth muscle, cardiac and skeletal muscle cells
smooth- one
cardiac- 1/2
skeletal- multinucleated
where can smooth muscle be found
Walls of certain internal organs and blood vessels
where can cardiac muscle be found
Heart walls
where can skeletal muscle be found
Attached to bones; providing movement to the body
which muscle tissues are striated
cardiac and skeletal- have myosin and actin fibers
type of contraction for each muscle tissue
smooth-Smooth, continuous contractions
cardiac+ skeletal-Strong, forceful contractions
what nervous sys. controls smooth muscles
Non-voluntary.
Controlled by ANS- autonomic nervous system
