U1 day 5

Question 1

Why do we need control mechanisms for the gut?

Answer 1

GI system goes through periods of activity and inactivity, needs to be able to communicate with accessory organ

Question 2

Gut-Brain axis

Answer 2

Vagal afferents go from gut to brain, efferent brain to gut, regulates food intake, behavior changes, and gastric emptying

Question 3

Neuromodulatory lipids

Answer 3

Endocannabinoids, released when stomach is empty, increase food intake.

Question 4

EECS cells (enteroendocrine cells)

Answer 4

release peptides in response to chemical or mechanical stimuli, not in clusters, but dispersed around the GI tract

Question 5

Gastrin

Answer 5

uses endocrine path, targets ECL cells, stimulates ECL cells to secrete H+ and histamine, and gastric acid

Question 6

Cholecystokinin (CCK protein)

Answer 6

Released by I cells in the upper GI, is a satiety and anorexigenic peptide, in the presence of fatty acids and proteins, DELAYS GASTRIC EMPTING, reduces food intake, stimulates Vagal afferents

Question 7

Enteroendocrine cells act on what nerve

Answer 7

Vagus nerve, plays a key role in digestion and controlling food intake