Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

[3Y1S] MT 6320 > U2.1.3 ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE > Flashcards

U2.1.3 ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Flashcards

(60 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

Cephalosporinase Test (Cefinase Test)

A

Chromogenic Beta Lactamase Test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chromogenic Beta Lactamase Test

(+) color = beta-lactamase producer

A

Pink/red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chromogenic Beta Lactamase Test

Organisms detected by the test

A

Staph, Haemophilus, Moraxella, Neisseria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

(3) Detection of MRSA/Oxacillin Resistant S. aureus

A
  1. Oxacillin Screen Agar
  2. Cefoxitin Disk (30ug) Screen Test
  3. Chromogenic Agar for MRSA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

recommended for screening of MRSA

A

Cefoxitin Disk (30ug) Screen Test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

colorimetric method used for MRSA colonies

A

Chromogenic Agar for MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

Detection of _____ gene & its products _____

A
  1. mecA
  2. PBP2a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

(2) Methods for Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus

A
  1. Broth Dilution
  2. Agar Screen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Methods for Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus

Broth Dilution is used to detect

A

VRSA; VISA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Methods for Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus

VRSA fi the vancomycin MIC is ___ ug/mL

A

≥16ug/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Methods for Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus

BHI with 6ug vancomycin

A

Agar Screen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

(+) for Inducible Clindamycin Resistance

A

D zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Inducible Clindamycin Resistance

when triggered /activates resistance to clindamycin

A

erm genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

(2) Method Vancomycin Resistance

A
  1. Enterococci resistance to vancomycin
  2. Vancomycin Screen Agar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance : Enterococci resistance to vancomycin

encodes Van-A phenotype

A

vanA gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance : Enterococci resistance to vancomycin

most common phenotypes

A

Van-A and Van-B phenotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance : Enterococci resistance to vancomycin

6ug vancomycin in BHI agar

A

Vancomycin Screen Agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

uses MHA with sheep blood; with 1ug/ml oxacillin disk (incubate with CO2)

A

Penicillin Resistance (S. pneumonia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

Penicillin Resistance
Susceptible if : ____ mm
R o I if : < ____ mm

A

Susceptible if : ≥ 20mm
R o I if : < 20mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

uses BHI Agar; test inoculum with 120ug/ml gentamycin and 300ug/ml streptomycin disk

A

HLAR (High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

used for Enterococci

A

HLAR (High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

HLAR (High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance)

Agar used with gentamycin & streptomycin

A

Remel Agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

HLAR (High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance)

HLAR in BHI Agar
S if : ____ mm
R if : ____ mm

A

S if : >10 mm
R if : <6 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance

are enzymes hydrolyzing most penicillins and cephalosporins, including oxyimino-B-lactam compunds but notcephamycins and carbapenems

A

ESBL Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
ESBL Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase 1st seen in
E. coli and Klebsiella
26
Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance plasmid mediated resistance mechanisms; genes (TEM-1; SHV-1 and OXA-1)
ESBL Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase
27
ESBL Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Organisms detected
PPM - K. pneumoniae - P.mirabilis !!!! - K. oxytoca - E.coli - Morganella !!!! - Pseudomonas !!!!
28
ESBL Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Remain (S, I or R) to carbapenems, cefoxitin, B-lactamese inhibitors with clavulanic acid (tazobactams and sulbactams)
S
29
ESBL Screen Combination Disk Test involves (2)
1. Test using ceftazidime or cefotaxime alone 2. Test using ceftazidime or cefotaxime with Clavulanic acid
30
ESBL Screen (+) for ESBL if ___ mm increase in inhibition zone of cephalosporin with Clavulanic acid versus ceftazidime or cefotaxime alone
≥5mm
31
ESBL Screen Confirm with MIC: ______ increase in MIC w / clavulanic acid
3 fold increase
32
Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance Carbapenemase Screening (for the presence of KPC
Modified Hodge Test
33
Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance inhibits B-lactamase resistant pencillins, clavulanic acid and tazobactam
Modified Hodge Test
34
Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance pattern seen on the presence of inhibition is Modified Hodge Test
clover leaf pattern
35
Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance - Chromosomal mediated resistance; inducible resistance - Acts on 1st to 3rd generation Cephalosporins
Cephalosporinase Mediated Resistance
36
Methods of Detecting Antibiotic Resistance gene detected in Cephalosporinase Mediated Resistance
AmpC gene
37
Cephalosporinase Mediated Resistance ______ Test using cefoxitin and cefepime
Disk Diffusion Test
38
Other Tests applicable for aminoglycosides, vancomycin and chloramphenicol
Peak and Trough Assays
39
Other Tests measure of activity of antibiotic in patient's own serum against the pathogen
Serum Bactericidal Test (Schlichter Test)
40
Other Tests guideline to determine if patient is receiving effective treatment for a serious infection
Serum Bactericidal Test (Schlichter Test)
41
Single step systems with biochemical reactions
Multi Test Systems
42
Uses databases or numeric codes for ID
Multi Test Systems
43
Multi Test Systems uses microtubes w/ dehydrated substrates; (API 20E; API Rapid 20E)
API
44
Multi Test Systems one step inoculation; no need for addition of reagent and oil
BBL Crystal
45
Multi Test Systems employs enzyme technology
RapID
46
Multi Test Systems color digital imaging
BIOMIC V3
47
Allows analysis of multiple isolates and use biochemical reactions
Automated Methods
48
Principles employed in Automated Methods (3)
1. Photometry (Colorimetry) 2. Nephelometry 3. Fluorometry
49
Automated Systems uses redox indicator system
BD Phoenix
50
Automated Systems Uses plastic well microtiter trays with substrates for ID of various organisms
Microscan System
51
Automated System Used to check bacterial growth & color change Microscan System
Autoscan reader
52
Automated Systems fully automated, computer controlled system; colormetric and fluorometric principles
Microscan WalkAway
53
Automated Systems For ID and Susceptibility testing
Microscan WalkAway
54
Automated Systems - fluorescence for detection of growth and enzyme activity - use of dried substrates - Results read in Sensititre Autoreader
TREK
55
Automated Systems - fully automated - "hands off" - can hold up to 100 panels - Fluorometric and Colorimetric Detection
BD Phoenix M50
56
Automated Systems - growth based technology - uses reagent cards
VITEK2
57
Automated Systems - chromogenic substrates - measures changes in absorbance, turbidity
VITEK2
58
Rapid method for ID and determining Susceptibility/ Resistance to Antibiotics
MALDI-TOF: Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry
59
A colony is fished out and place on the _______ Target Plate, _______ acid is added to enhance or improve the mass spectrum
MALDI Spot Target Plate; Formic Acid
60
2 concepts applied in MALDO-TOF
1. Ionization : laser to sample 2. Time & Flight vaporized molecule to detector

[3Y1S] MT 6320 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions