U2L3 What All Biomolecules Have in Common

Question 1

what are amino acids?

Answer 1

the building blocks of proteins

Question 2

what is disaccharide?

Answer 2

a sugar made up of 2 monosaccharides

Question 3

what is an enzyme?

Answer 3

proteins that speed up chemical reactions

Question 4

what are fatty acids?

Answer 4

the building blocks of lipids

Question 5

what are monosaccharides?

Answer 5

a simple sugar made up of one sugar molecule

Question 6

what is a nucleic acid?

Answer 6

a biomolecule that contains genetic material

Question 7

what are lipids?

Answer 7

biomolecules that makeup cell membranes; store energy, and act as chemical messengers in the body

Question 8

what are polysaccharides?

Answer 8

a sugar made up 3 or more monosaccharides

Question 9

what are proteins?

Answer 9

used to build body tissue and perform the life functions of cells

Question 10

what is starch?

Answer 10

a polysaccharide made up of long strand of glucose molecules

Question 11

what 3 elements enter the photosynthesis reaction?

Answer 11

carbon
oxygen
hydrogen

Question 12

what three elements up glucose?

Answer 12

carbon
oxygen
hydrogen

Question 13

what process makes glucose?

Answer 13

photosynthesis

Question 14

true or false.

glucose is a polysaccharide.

Answer 14

false, glucose is a monosaccharide

Question 15

what does monosaccharide?

Answer 15

mono means “one” and saccharide means “sugar”
monosaccharides are made up of one sugar

Question 16

what are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

Answer 16

sugars

Question 17

what are carbohydrates?

Answer 17

biomolecules that provide energy and structure to organisms

Question 18

what are disaccharides?

Answer 18

made up of two sugars molecules

Question 19

why is lactose a disaccharides?

Answer 19

it is made up of two sugars: one glucose molecule and one galactose molecule

Question 20

why is starch a polysaccharide?

Answer 20

it is made up of long stands of glucose molecules

Question 21

what do monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides have in common?

Answer 21

they all have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 22

what does the word amino refer to?

Answer 22

the amino group present in all animal acids

Question 23

what do amino groups contain?

Answer 23

a nitrogen atom bonded by two hydrogens

Question 24

where do plants get nitrogen?

Answer 24

the soil

Question 25

what are carboxyl groups?

Answer 25

amino acids also have carboxyl groups that consist of a carbon bonded to an OH group and double-bonded oxygen

Question 26

what is the R-group of amino acids

Answer 26

the R-group, or side group, is unique to each amino acid

Question 27

What elements do all proteins have?

Answer 27

carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen

Question 28

what do ribose and deoxyribose make?

Answer 28

the two sugars that make up nucleic acids

Question 29

what makes ribose and deoxyribose?

Answer 29

glucose

Question 30

what are nucleic acids?

Answer 30

biomolecules that store genetic information for body cells

Question 31

what nucleotides?

Answer 31

the building blocks of nucleic acids

Question 32

what are lipids?

Answer 32

biomolecule that makes up cell membranes, stores energy, and acts as chemical messengers in the body

Question 33

what are the building blocks of fatty acids?

Answer 33

fatty acids

Question 34

what are triglycerides?

Answer 34

they are fats that store energy in the body.

Question 35

what is cholestrol?

Answer 35

is another type of lipid. you need some cholesterol to make cell membranes and hormones

Question 36

what are phosholipids?

Answer 36

they make up the structure of cell membranes. these lipids have hydrophobic tails that repel water. this allows water and organelles to stay inside the cell. they also have hydrophilic heads that attract water. this allows the cell to survive in a water-based environment.

Question 37

what is serine?

Answer 37

a carboxyl group, an amino group, and an R group

Question 38

true or false ribose and deoxyribose are 5-carbon monosaccharides

Answer 38

true

Question 39

true or false. glucose is a 6-carbon

Answer 39

true

Question 40

what are enymes?

Answer 40

are proteins that speed up chemical reactions, and proteins are made up of a chain of amino acids

Question 41

what is lactase?

Answer 41

an enzyme that breaks down lactose, a disaccharide found in dairy products. it breaks down lactose into monosaccharides