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AEBI 211: Organisms 2 > Unicellular Eukaryotes > Flashcards

Unicellular Eukaryotes Flashcards

1
Q

Environment

A

Require moisture

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2
Q

Protista

A

Grouping of unicellular eukaryotes

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3
Q

Protozoa

A

Animal-like unicellular eukaryotes

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4
Q

Protophyta

A

Plant-like unicellular eukaryotes

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5
Q

Disadvantages

A
  • Size is limited
  • Short life span
  • No division of labour
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6
Q

Advantages

A
  • Rapid reproduction
  • Minimal resources required
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7
Q

Locomotion: Methods

A
  • Flagella
  • Cilia
  • Pseudopodia
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8
Q

Undulipodia

A
  • Flagella + cilia
  • 9 pairs of microtubules arranged around a central pair
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9
Q

Flagella

A

Propel water to the flagellum axis

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10
Q

Cilia

A

Propel water to the cell surface

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11
Q

Pseudopodia

A
  • Temporary cytoplasmic protrusions extended
  • Used for movement and phagocytosis
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12
Q

Taxonomy

A

Classificied by body type
* Flagellates
* Ciliates
* Amoebas

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13
Q

Flagellates

A

One or more flagella to propel cell

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14
Q

Ciliates

A

Numerous cilia covering cell membrane

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15
Q

Amoebas

A
  • Irregular shape
  • Travel using pseudopodia
  • PM can be covered with a ‘test’
  • ‘test’ from sand grains, Ca, or Si
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16
Q

Nutrition/Digestion

A

Heterotroph or autotroph

17
Q

Holozoic feeding

A

Ingest visible particles of food (phagocytosis)

18
Q

Saprozoic feeding

A

Ingest food in a soluble form

19
Q

Cytosome

A
  • Cell mouth
  • Site of phagocytosis
  • Most ciliates, Many Flagellate
  • Amoebas don’t have (phagocytosis occurs anywhere)
20
Q

Cytoproct

A
  • Site where undigestible matter is expelled
  • Many ciliates
21
Q

Reproduction

A
  • Sexual by conjugation
  • Asexual by binary fission
  • Requires 2 hosts: Intermediate & definitive
22
Q

Intermediate host

A
  • Asexual stage
  • Vertebrae in plasmodium
23
Q

Definitive host

A
  • Sexual Stage
  • Insect in plasmodium
24
Q

3 stages of life

A
  • Sporozoite: spore-like stage
  • Merozoite: intermediate stage
  • Trophozoite: Adult stage
25
Q

Macronuclei

A
  • Metabolism, synthesis, development
  • Cannot survive without
  • Divide mitotically
26
Q

Micronuclei

A
  • Sexual reproduction
  • Cannot reproduce without
  • Divide amitotically
27
Q

Conjugation

A
  • 2 paramecium’s make contact
  • Micronuclei divide by meiosis and macronuclei degenerate
  • 3 / 4 micronuclei degenerate
  • Remaining micronuclei divides to form male & female pronuclei
  • Male pronuclei exchanged
  • Male & female pronuclei fuse

AEBI 211: Organisms 2 (31 decks)

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