Summary of General Characteristics

Question 1

Porifera
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore:
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 1

• Germ layers: 1
• Skeleton: Collagen (spicules & spongins)
• Symmetry: Radial/none
• Organismal complexity: Cellular
• Gut type: N/A
• Cephlization: N/A
• Metamerism: N/A
• Clade: N/A
• Fate of blastopore: N/A
• Coelom: N/A
• Coelom formation: N/A
• Cleavage pattern: N/A
• Fate of cells: N/A

Question 2

Cnidaria
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore:
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 2

• Germ layers: 2 (Diploblastic)
• Skeleton: Hydrostatic
• Symmetry: Radial
• Organismal complexity: Cell-tissue
• Gut type: Blind
• Cephlization: No
• Metamerism: No
• Clade: N/A
• Fate of blastopore: N/A
• Coelom: N/A
• Coelom formation: N/A
• Cleavage pattern: N/A
• Fate of cells: N/A

Question 3

Platyhelminthes
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 3

• Germ layers: 3 (Triploblastic)
• Skeleton: Hydrostatic
• Symmetry: Bilateral
• Organismal complexity: Tissue-organ
• Gut type: Blind
• Cephlization: Yes
• Metamerism: No (pseudometamerism)
• Clade: Protostomia - Lophotrochophore
• Fate of blastopore: Mouth
• Coelom: Acoelomate
• Coelom formation: Schizocoely
• Cleavage pattern: Spiral
• Fate of cells: Mosaic

Question 4

Ctenophora
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 4

• Germ layers: 2 (Diploblastic)
• Skeleton: Calcium carbonate
• Symmetry: Biradial
• Organismal complexity: Cell-tissue
• Gut type: Blind
• Cephlization: No
• Metamerism: No
• Clade: N/A
• Fate of blastopore: N/A
• Coelom: N/A
• Coelom formation: N/A
• Cleavage pattern: N/A
• Fate of cells: N/A

Question 5

Nematodes
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 5

• Germ layers: 3 (Triploblastic)
• Skeleton: Hydrostatic
• Symmetry: Bilateral
• Organismal complexity: Organ-system
• Gut type: Complete
• Cephlization: Yes
• Metamerism: No
• Clade: Protostomia - Ecdysizoan
• Fate of blastopore: Mouth
• Coelom: Pseudocoelomate
• Coelom formation: Schizocoely
• Cleavage pattern: Spiral
• Fate of cells: Mosaic

Question 6

Annelids
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 6

• Germ layers: 3 (Triploblastic)
• Skeleton: Hydrostatic
• Symmetry: Bilateral
• Organismal complexity: Organ-system
• Gut type: Complete
• Cephlization: Yes
• Metamerism: Yes
• Clade: Protostomia - Lophotrochozoan
• Fate of blastopore: Mouth
• Coelom: Coelomate (eucoelomate)
• Coelom formation: Schizocoely
• Cleavage pattern: Spiral
• Fate of cells: Mosaic

Question 7

Molluscs
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 7

• Germ layers: 3 (Triploblastic)
• Skeleton: Hydrostatic
• Symmetry: Bilateral
• Organismal complexity: Organ-system
• Gut type: Complete
• Cephlization: Yes
• Metamerism: No
• Clade: Protostomia - Lophotrochozoan
• Fate of blastopore: Mouth
• Coelom: Coelomate (eucoelomate)
• Coelom formation: Schizocoely
• Cleavage pattern: Spiral
• Fate of cells: Mosaic

Question 8

Arthropods
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 8

• Germ layers: 3 (Triploblastic)
• Skeleton: Exoskeleton
• Symmetry: Bilateral
• Organismal complexity: Organ-system
• Gut type: Complete
• Cephlization: Yes
• Metamerism: Yes (tagamata)
• Clade: Protostomia - Ecdysozoan
• Fate of blastopore: Mouth
• Coelom: Coelomate (eucoelomate)
• Coelom formation: Schizocoely
• Cleavage pattern: Spiral
• Fate of cells: Mosaic

Question 9

Echinodermata
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 9

• Germ layers: 3 (Triploblastic)
• Skeleton: Endoskeleton
• Symmetry: Pentaradial (2° bilateral in sea cucumbers & larvae)
• Organismal complexity: Organ-system
• Gut type: Complete
• Cephlization: No
• Metamerism: No
• Clade: Deuterostomia
• Fate of blastopore: Anus
• Coelom: Coelomate (eucoelomate)
• Coelom formation: Enterocoely
• Cleavage pattern: Radial
• Fate of cells: Regulative

Question 10

Chordata
* Germ layers:
* Skeleton:
* Symmetry:
* Organismal complexity:
* Gut type:
* Cephlization:
* Metamerism:
* Clade:
* Fate of blastopore
* Coelom:
* Coelom formation:
* Cleavage pattern:
* Fate of cells:

Answer 10

• Germ layers: 3 (Triploblastic)
• Skeleton: Vertebrae
• Symmetry: Bilateral
• Organismal complexity: Organ-system
• Gut type: Complete
• Cephlization: Yes
• Metamerism: Yes
• Clade: Deuterostomia
• Fate of blastopore: Anus
• Coelom: Coelomate (eucoelomate)
• Coelom formation: Enterocoely
• Cleavage pattern: Radial
• Fate of cells: Regulative