Unidad 1: Lección 5 Grammar Set

Question 1

Answer

Structure of the Present Progressive in Spanish

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 1

estar + gerundio

E.g. Yo estoy comiendo

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 2

Define

Formation of the gerundio

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 2

-ar verbs: -ando;
-er and -ir verbs: -iendo

E.g. hablando, comiendo, escribiendo

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 3

Define

The gerundio of decir

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 3

diciendo

Translation: saying

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 4

Define

The gerundio of dormir

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 4

durmiendo

Translation: sleeping

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 5

Define

The gerundio of leer

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 5

leyendo

Translation: reading

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 6

Define

The gerundio of pedir

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 6

pidiendo

Translation: asking for

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 7

Define

The gerundio of servir

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 7

sirviendo

Translation: serving

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 8

Define

The gerundio of traer

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 8

trayendo

Translation: bringing

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 9

Define

The gerundio of ir

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 9

yendo

Translation: going

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 10

Answer

In Spanish, can the present progressive be used to indicate a future action?

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Answer 10

No.
The present progressive should never be used to indicate a future action.

Present Progressive [pg 120]

Question 11

Define

7 uses of ser

Uses of ser and estar [pg 120]

Answer 11

1. Describes the basic nature or inherent/permanent characteristics of a person or thing. (e.g. Estela es joven.)
2. Used with de to indicate origin and with adjectives denoting nationality. (e.g. Carmen es colombiana.)
3. Used to identify professions and jobs. (e.g. Yo soy estudiante.)
4. With de, it is used to indicate possession or relationship. (e.g. El vaso es de Ana.)
5. With de, it describes the material that things are made of. (e.g. El reloj es de oro.)
6. Used with expressions of times and with dates. (e.g. Son las cuatro y media.)
7. Used with events as the equivalent of “taking place” (ser + en) (e.g. La fiesta es en mi casa.)

Uses of ser and estar [pg 120]

Question 12

Define

4 uses of estar

Uses of ser and estar [pg 120]

Answer 12

1. Indicates place or location. (e.g. Ana está en casa.)
2. Indicates a (temporary) condition, often the result of an action, at a given moment in time. (e.g. El plato está limpio.)
3. Describes what is perceived through the senses - how a subject tastes, feels, looks, or seems. (e.g. La sopa está muy sabrosa.)
4. In present progressive constructions, it describes an action in progress. (e.g. Estoy desayunando.)

Uses of ser and estar [pg 120]

Question 13

Answer

When e is the last stem vowel and it is stressed, what does it change to?

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Answer 13

ie

E.g., prefiero, prefieres, prefiere, prefieren

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Question 14

Answer

Does the stem change from e to ie only occurs in -er and -ir verbs?

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Answer 14

No.
The stem change can happen in -ar, -er, and -ir verbs

E.g. cierro, comienzo, empiezo

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Question 15

Do these verbs have a stem change from e to ie

• cerrar
• comenzar
• empezar
• entender
• pensar
• quere

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Answer 15

Yes.

E.g. quieres

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Question 16

Answer

What are the two pronouns that don’t require the stem change from e to ie?

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Answer 16

1. nosotros/as
2. vosotros/as

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Question 17

Answer

What are the two verbs that are followed by an a before another verb in the infinitive?

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Answer 17

1. Comenzar
2. Empezar

**E.g., **Yo comienzo a trabajar; Yo empiezo a estudiar

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Question 18

Define

The format for comparisons of inequality

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Answer 18

(Pronoun/Noun) + action/noun/adverb/adjective + más or menos + que/de + (pronoun/noun)

E.g., Yo estudio más que Luisa.

Stem-changing verbs: e > ie [pg 125]

Question 19

Answer

When is de used instead of que in comparisons of inequality?

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 19

De is used before a numerical expression of quantity or amount

E.g., El camarero tiene más/menos de cinco mesas.

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 20

Fill in the Blanks

To form comparisons of equality with adjectives, adverbs, nouns and verbs, you must use a variation of [blank] [blank] to express as much as.

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 20

tanto como

E.g., Mario lee tanto como Vera.

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 21

Answer

With an action, do you use the phrase tanto como before or after the verb?

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 21

After.
You use the phrase IMMEDIATELY after the verb.

E.g., Mario lee tanto como Vera.

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 22

Answer

With an adjective or adverb, what is the abbreviated form of tanto como that is used?

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 22

tan [adjective] como

E.g., Silvia es tan alta como Clara.

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 23

Answer

• With nouns, what does tanto function as?
• What are the two things that tanto MUST agree upon with the noun that it follows?

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 23

• Adjective
• Gender and Number

E.g., Yo tengo tantas vacaciones como mi primo.

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 24

True or False

When using the comparisons of equality and inequality with verbs, the verb needs to appear FIRST.

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 24

True

E.g., Arturo corre menos que Esteban.

Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 25

# Define The **Superlative** Construction ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 25

***definite article*** + *(noun)* + **más** *or* **menos** + ***adjective*** + **de** | **E.g.**, Mario es **el *más* inteligente de** todos. ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 26

# Answer The **Comparative** of ***bueno*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 26

mejor *(better)* ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 27

# Answer The **Comparative** of ***malo*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 27

peor *(worse)* ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 28

# Answer The **Comparative** of ***viejo*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 28

mayor *(older)* ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 29

# Answer The **Comparative** of ***joven*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 29

menor *(younger)* ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 30

# Answer The **Superlative** of ***bueno*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 30

el/la **mejor** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 31

# Answer The **Superlative** of ***malo*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 31

el/la **peor** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 32

# Answer The **Superlative** of ***viejo*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 32

el/la **mayor** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 33

# Answer The **Superlative** of ***joven*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 33

el/la ***menor*** ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 34

# True or False **Irregular** **comparative** adjectives **MUST** agree in **number** and **gender**. ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 34

**False.** **Irregular comparative** forms **MUST** agree in **number**, not in *gender*. | E.g., Mis **hermanas** son **mayores** que yo. ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 35

# Answer For the **superlative** form, what does the *article* **MUST** reflect? ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Answer 35

Gender | **E.g.,** Las langostas de la isla de Príncipe Eduardo son las **mejores ## Footnote Comparative and superlative adjectives, adverbs, and nouns [pg 127]

Question 36

# Translate **me** *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 36

**mí** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 37

# Translate **you** (fam.) *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 37

**ti** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 38

# Translate **you** (form.) *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 38

**Ud.** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 39

# Translate **him** *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 39

**él** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 40

# Translate **her** *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 40

**ella** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 41

# Translate **us** *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 41

**nosotros**/**as** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 42

# Translate **you** (fam.) *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 42

**vosotros**/**as** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 43

# Translate **you** (form./fam.) *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 43

**Uds**. ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 44

# Translate **them** (m.) *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 44

**ellos** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 45

# Translate **them** (f.) *[object of preposition]* ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 45

**ellas** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 46

# Answer What are the **two pronouns** that **change** when they become **objects** of **prepositions**? ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 46

**1st**- and **2nd**-persons singular, **mí** and **ti** ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 47

# Answer When used with the *preposition* **con**, what do **mí** and **ti** *become* into? ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 47

**conmigo** and **contigo** | **E.g.,** ¿Vas a la fiesta **conmigo**? / No, no voy **contigo**. ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 48

# Answer With **other pronouns**, besides **mí** and **ti**, do they **change** when ***combine*** with **con**? ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 48

**No**. These forms do **NOT** change when ***combine*** with **con**. | **E.g.**, con él, con ella, con ustedes, etc. ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Question 49

# Answer With **other prepositions**, when ***combine*** with other *prepositions* like **para**, do **mí** and **ti** *change*? ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]

Answer 49

No. | E.g., para mí, para ti ## Footnote Pronouns as objectsof prepositions [pg 130]