Unit 1 Flashcards
(49 cards)
the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes
Chemistry
What branch of chemistry includes studying carbon compounds?
Organic Chemistry
What branch of chemistry includes studying non-carbon compounds?
Inorganic Chemistry
What branch of chemistry includes studying energy involved in chemical changes and using calculus?
Physical Chemistry
What branch of chemistry includes identifying components (looking for contents)?
Analytical Chemistry
What branch of chemistry includes studying substances and processes in living things/systems? (ex. vitamins)
Biochemistry
What branch of chemistry includes using math and computers to study principles behind chemical behavior?
Theoretical Chemistry
What branch of chemistry includes studying transformations involving the nucleus? (ex. radioactive medicine, iodized salt)
Nuclear Chemistry
anything that occupies space and has mass
Matter
quantity of matter that a body possesses
Mass
smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of the element
Atom
pure substance that CANNOT be broken down any further by chemical or physical means, made up of only one kind of atom
Element
How many naturally occurring elements are there?
92 (Uranium is 92; very radioactive after 92; others are manmade)
a substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded (each one has unique properties)
Compound
What property does not depend on the amount of matter present?
Intensive
ex. density, melting point, boiling point, electrical conductivity, DNA
What property depends on the amount of matter present?
Extensive
ex. volume, mass, amount of energy in a substance
What kind of change is when the identity of the material is NOT altered?
Physical Change
ex. cutting hair, evaporation of alcohol, melting wax
What kind of change is when the identity is altered permanently?
Chemical Change
ex. burning hair, burning alcohol, dyeing fabric or hair, cooking food
What are the states of matter?
Solids, Liquids, and Gases
What are the classes of matter?
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
blending of two or more substances by physical means
Mixture
A mixture that is the same all the way through.
Homogeneous Mixture
ex. fresh milk, Gatorade, air
A mixture that is not uniform. You can see and identify different things in this type of mixture.
Heterogeneous Mixture
ex. Italian dressing, salsa, dirt, vegetable soup
How many columns does the periodic table have, and what are these columns called?
There are 18 columns, called “groups”.
Groups have similar properties. Series increase from left to right in atomic number.
