Unit 1 Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are the most common chemical elements in your body, and which form do they occur?
Oxygen: makes up major classes of organic molecules such as proteins nucleic acids carbs and fats. Required by cells to produce cellular energy.
Carbon: found in all organic molecules takes the form of graphite at normal pressure.
Hydrogen: constituent of H2O and most organic molecules. Influences the acidity of body fluid.
Nitrogen: component of all proteins and nucleic acid molecules.
What is an atom?
smallest unit of an element that retains properties of that element
What is an ion?
An atom with a positive or negative charge due to an equal number of Protons and electrons.
What is an element?
A pure substance found in your body from the earth cannot be created nor broken by chemical means.
What is a molecule?
Two or more than two atoms join together by chemical bonds.
What is a compound?
Substance composed of two or more than two different elements joined by chemical bonds.
What’s a covalent bond?
Sharing electrons. There is no loss or gain there in a mutually stabilizing relationship. there is no loss or gain because the electrons move back-and-forth between the elements.
What’s an ionic bond?
An ongoing attraction between cations and anion‘s. Has a strong mutual attraction due to opposite charges. Shells gain electrons if it is more than half full. They lose electrons if a shell is less than half full.
What are some characteristics of an organic compound?
Organic always contains carbon and are mostly made up of covalent bonds. Organic compounds are large and complex, they typically don’t dissolve in H2O.
What are some characteristics of an inorganic compound?
Inorganic compounds usually lacks carbon and are mostly made out of ionic bonds. And organic compounds are small and simple, typically dissolves in H2O.
What’s a Cation?
A positively charged ion
What’s an anion?
A negatively charged ion
What’s an ionic bond?
A metal plus a nonmetal. An ionic bond is an ongoing close association between ions of opposite charge
What’s a polar molecule?
A molecule that contains regions that have opposite electrical charges
