Unit 1- 1.3

Question 1

basic building block of nervous system

Answer 1

neuron

Question 2

cell’s life support center

Answer 2

cell body

Question 3

receives messages from other cells

Answer 3

dendrites

Question 4

passes messages away from the cell’s body to other neurons,muscles, and glands

Answer 4

axon

Question 5

covers axon of neurons and helps speed neural impulses

Answer 5

myelin sheath

Question 6

a neural impulse (a brief electrical charge that travels down the axon)

Answer 6

action potential

Question 7

supports the billions of neurons in the brain

Answer 7

glial cells

Question 8

level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

Answer 8

threshold

Question 9

another action potential can’t be easily produced

Answer 9

refractory period

Question 10

the neural either fires completely or it does not

Answer 10

all-or-none response

Question 11

chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons

Answer 11

neurotransmitters

Question 12

the junction between the axon terminal of sending neurons and dendrites or cell body of the receiving neuron

Answer 12

synapse

Question 13

when unused neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by sending the neuron in a process

Answer 13

reuptake

Question 14

influence the perception of pain or pleasure

Answer 14

endorphins

Question 15

molecules that increase a neurotransmitter’s actions

Answer 15

agonist

Question 16

molecules that decrease a neurotransmitter’s actions

Answer 16

antagonist

Question 17

system of glands and hormones in the body that sends messages to the body through the bloodstream

Answer 17

endocrine system

Question 18

chemical messengers made by the endocrine system

Answer 18

hormones

Question 19

non-subscription drugs and sometimes develops self-harming abuse disorders

Answer 19

psychoactive drug

Question 20

continued substance craving and uses despite physical risk

Answer 20

substance use disorder

Question 21

drugs that reduce neural activity and slow bodily functions

Answer 21

depressants

Question 22

when the use of drugs cause a user’s brain chemistry to adapt to offset the drugs effects

Answer 22

tolerance

Question 23

craving of drugs or certain behaviors

Answer 23

addiction

Question 24

discomfort or distress when stopping using an addictive drug

Answer 24

withdrawal

Question 25

a drug that depresses the central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 25

barbiturates

Question 26

a pain killer drug that signals to the spinal cord, and produces euphoria

Answer 26

opioids

Question 27

drugs that excite neural activity and speeds up bodily functions

Answer 27

stimulants

Question 28

drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images

Answer 28

hallucinogens

Question 29

experiences when someone is almost dead but lives

Answer 29

near-death experience