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unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is meant by Structure and Function?

A

The relationship between the physical structure of an organ or system and its functional capabilities.

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2
Q

Define Anatomy.

A

The study of the structure of the body and its parts.

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3
Q

Define Physiology.

A

The study of the functions and processes of the body and its parts.

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4
Q

What is microscopic anatomy?

A

The study of structures that cannot be seen without magnification.

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5
Q

Differentiate between cytology and histology.

A

Cytology is the study of cells; histology is the study of tissues.

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6
Q

What is gross anatomy?

A

The study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye.

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7
Q

Define surface anatomy.

A

The study of external features of the body.

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8
Q

What is regional anatomy?

A

The study of specific areas of the body.

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9
Q

Define systemic anatomy.

A

The study of body systems and their interrelationships.

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10
Q

What is Developmental Anatomy?

A

The study of the changes in the body structure over time.

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11
Q

Define Comparative Anatomy.

A

The study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species.

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12
Q

List the levels of organization in the human body.

A
  1. Atom
  2. Molecule
  3. Organelle
  4. Cell
  5. Tissue
  6. Organ
  7. Organ system
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13
Q

What is an atom?

A

The smallest unit of matter.

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14
Q

Define a molecule.

A

Two or more atoms bonded together.

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15
Q

What is an organelle?

A

A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function.

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16
Q

What is a cell?

A

The basic unit of life.

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17
Q

Define tissue.

A

A group of similar cells that perform a common function.

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18
Q

What is an organ?

A

A structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function.

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19
Q

Define an organ system.

A

A group of organs that work together to perform complex functions.

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20
Q

Name the 12 Body Systems.

A
  1. Integumentary
  2. Skeletal
  3. Muscular
  4. Nervous
  5. Endocrine
  6. Cardiovascular
  7. Lymphatic
  8. Respiratory
  9. Digestive
  10. Urinary
  11. Reproductive
  12. Immune
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21
Q

What is the general function of the Integumentary System?

A

Protects the body and helps regulate temperature.

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22
Q

Describe the organization of limbs and the body wall.

A

Layers of organs/tissues include skin, muscles, and bones.

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23
Q

What are the body cavities?

A

Spaces within the body that contain organs.

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24
Q

Name the major organs contained within the thoracic cavity.

A

Heart and lungs.

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25
Identify the serous membranes associated with the abdominal cavity.
Peritoneum.
26
How many abdominopelvic regions are there?
Nine.
27
Describe anatomical position.
Standing or lying, with the body facing forward and arms at the sides.
28
What is the difference between prone and supine positions?
Prone is lying face down; supine is lying face up.
29
Use directional terminology to describe the position of the heart relative to the lungs.
Medial.
30
What are the various planes of division used to image the body?
Sagittal, frontal (coronal), transverse.
31
Define anatomical regions.
Specific areas of the body used for identification and description.
32
What is the significance of singular vs. plural anatomical terms?
Correct usage is essential for clear communication in anatomy.
33
What are the 12 body systems?
Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive, Immune.
34
True or False: The integumentary system includes skin, hair, and nails.
True
35
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
To provide structure and support to the body.
36
Fill in the blank: The ______ system is responsible for movement and generating heat.
Muscular
37
What system is responsible for processing sensory information?
Nervous system
38
Which body system regulates hormones?
Endocrine system
39
Multiple Choice: Which system is primarily responsible for transporting blood throughout the body? A) Nervous B) Cardiovascular C) Lymphatic D) Digestive
B) Cardiovascular
40
True or False: The lymphatic system is part of the immune system.
True
41
What is the role of the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide.
42
Fill in the blank: The ______ system breaks down food into nutrients.
Digestive
43
Which body system is responsible for waste removal?
Urinary system
44
Multiple Choice: What is the main function of the reproductive system? A) Movement B) Hormone regulation C) Reproduction D) Gas exchange
C) Reproduction
45
True or False: The immune system is classified as one of the 12 body systems.
True
46
What is the primary function of the integumentary system?
To protect the body from external damage and pathogens.
47
Fill in the blank: The ______ system includes bones, cartilage, and ligaments.
Skeletal
48
What system controls body temperature?
Integumentary system
49
Multiple Choice: Which system includes the heart and blood vessels? A) Muscular B) Digestive C) Cardiovascular D) Endocrine
C) Cardiovascular
50
True or False: The muscular system is involved in voluntary and involuntary movements.
True
51
What is the role of the endocrine system?
To produce and secrete hormones that regulate various body functions.
52
Fill in the blank: The ______ system defends against pathogens and disease.
Immune
53
What system facilitates the exchange of gases in the lungs?
Respiratory system
54
Multiple Choice: Which system is primarily involved in fluid balance and immune responses? A) Lymphatic B) Nervous C) Skeletal D) Reproductive
A) Lymphatic
55
True or False: The urinary system helps regulate blood pressure.
True
56
What is the main function of the digestive system?
To convert food into energy and nutrients for the body.
57
Fill in the blank: The ______ system includes the ovaries and testes.
Reproductive
58
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
To transport nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body.
59
Multiple Choice: Which system includes the brain and spinal cord? A) Endocrine B) Nervous C) Muscular D) Skeletal
B) Nervous
60
What are the 12 body systems?
The 12 body systems are: Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive, and Immune.
61
True or False: The skeletal system is responsible for producing hormones.
False
62
Fill in the blank: The __________ system is responsible for protecting the body from environmental hazards.
Integumentary
63
What is the primary function of the muscular system?
The primary function of the muscular system is to facilitate movement of the body.
64
Which body system includes the brain and spinal cord?
The Nervous system
65
Multiple Choice: Which system is primarily responsible for transporting blood throughout the body? A) Digestive B) Cardiovascular C) Respiratory D) Lymphatic
B) Cardiovascular
66
What do hormones regulate in the body?
Hormones regulate various physiological processes including metabolism, growth, and mood.
67
True or False: The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in the immune response.
True
68
Which system is responsible for gas exchange in the body?
The Respiratory system
69
Fill in the blank: The __________ system is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients.
Digestive
70
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
The primary function of the urinary system is to remove waste products from the body and regulate water balance.
71
Multiple Choice: Which system is involved in reproduction? A) Muscular B) Endocrine C) Reproductive D) Skeletal
C) Reproductive
72
True or False: The immune system is a standalone system separate from the lymphatic system.
False
73
What is the role of the integumentary system?
The integumentary system protects the body, regulates temperature, and provides sensory information.
74
Fill in the blank: The __________ system is responsible for the body's structural framework.
Skeletal
75
What connects muscles to bones?
Tendons connect muscles to bones.
76
Multiple Choice: Which body system includes the heart and blood vessels? A) Immune B) Cardiovascular C) Endocrine D) Nervous
B) Cardiovascular
77
True or False: The endocrine system uses electrical signals to communicate.
False
78
What is the primary purpose of the digestive system?
The primary purpose of the digestive system is to convert food into energy and nutrients for the body.
79
Fill in the blank: The __________ system helps maintain homeostasis in the body through chemical signaling.
Endocrine
80
What is the function of red blood cells?
Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
81
Multiple Choice: Which system is responsible for the removal of toxins and waste? A) Lymphatic B) Urinary C) Endocrine D) Muscular
B) Urinary
82
True or False: The respiratory system is responsible for the production of red blood cells.
False
83
What are the primary components of the lymphatic system?
The primary components of the lymphatic system include lymph nodes, lymph vessels, and lymph.
84
Fill in the blank: The __________ system includes glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Endocrine
85
What is the main function of the reproductive system?
The main function of the reproductive system is to produce offspring.

Anatomy (4 decks)

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