Unit 1 Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is an Isotope?
A form of a chemical element in which the atoms have the same number of protons but with a different number of neutrons.
What is a compound?
A unique substance that consists of two or more elements combined in fixed proportions.
What is an element?
A substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons.
What is a Covalent bond?
A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms.
What is an Ionic bond?
Bonds formed between ions with opposite charges.
What is an ion?
An atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge.
What does pH measure?
A measure of how acidic or basic a substance or solution is.
What is adhesion?
The binding or attraction between dissimilar molecules, atoms, surfaces, or substances.
What is cohesion?
The state of cohering or sticking together of like entities.
What is heat capacity?
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a specific quantity of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
What is specific heat?
The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree.
What is an acid?
Any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton to another substance.
What is a base?
A substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions.
What is homeostasis?
The state of steady internal chemical and physical conditions maintained by living systems.
What are negative feedback loops?
A normal biological response in which the effects of a reaction slow or stop that reaction.
What are positive feedback loops?
A system where a change in a certain direction triggers further changes in the same direction.
What is a macromolecule?
Very large molecule important to biological processes.
What are lipids?
Fatty compounds that perform a variety of functions in your body.
What is a carbohydrate?
An organic compound such as sugar or starch, and is used to store energy.
What are Nucleic acids?
Large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses.
What is a protein?
A molecule made up of amino acids.
What is an amino acid?
Small molecules that are the building blocks of proteins.
What is an R-group?
An abbreviation for any group in which a carbon or hydrogen atom is attached to the rest of the molecule.
What is a phosphate group?
A chemical group consisting of phosphorus and oxygen atoms.
