Unit 1///2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is bivariate data

A

Involves pairs of related data

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2
Q

How can you avoid bias

A

Taking into account characteristics of whole population

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3
Q

What are sampling units

A

All People or items that are to be sampled

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4
Q

What does replicating and repeating an experiment likely to give

A

Valid and reliable results

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5
Q

What are extraneous variables

A

Any variables that you are not interested in but that could affect the results of your experiment

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6
Q

What is a hypothesis

A

An idea that can be tested by collecting and analysing data

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7
Q

What do you need to consider when designing investigations

A

Time
Cost
Ethical issues

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8
Q

What is judgement sampling

A

Using your judgement to select a sample eg asking people you think will be suitable

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9
Q

What is opportunity sampling

A

Using the people or objects available at the time to select a sample

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10
Q

What is cluster sampling

A

Used when data naturally splits into groups

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11
Q

What is quota sampling

A

Group the population by characteristics and use a pre determined number

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12
Q

What is stratified sampling

A

When the total population is divided into groups

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13
Q

How to work out stratified sample

A

Sample size/population size x stratum size

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14
Q

What is random sampling

A

Where every member of a population has an equal chance of being chosen

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15
Q

What is a questionnaire

A

A set of questions designed to obtain data

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16
Q

How to work out capture recapture

A

Do practice questions

17
Q

What does a questionnaire need

A

Neutral survey questions
Avoid biased questions
Keep questions short

18
Q

What is systematic sampling

A

Collecting data in an ordered or regular way eg every fifth Person

19
Q

What is a control group

A

is used to establish a cause-and-effect relationship by isolating the effect of an independent variable.

20
Q

What are the 3 types of experiments

A

Laboratory
Field
Natural

21
Q

What is a natural experiment

A

Experiments carried out in test subjects everyday environement

22
Q

What is a laboratory experiment

A

Experiments conducted in a controlled environment

23
Q

Give an advantage of Laboratory experiments

A

Easy to replicate
Control extraneous variables

24
Q

Give a disadvantage of a lab experiment

A

Test subject may behave differently

25
Give an advantage of field and natural experiments
More likely to reflect real life behaviour
26
What is an explanatory variable
What you change (independent)