Unit 1

Question 1

Apologetics is a ______________ defense of the faith

Answer 1

rational

Question 2

T/F The bible claims that Christianity is true for everyone.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F In order to remain a tolerant person, it is necessary for you to consider every view to be equally reasonable.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

T/F One’s perception of reality is always correct

Answer 4

False

Question 5

What is a worldview and how does it impact a person?

Answer 5

A set of beliefs that affects how a person views the world. Affects their thinking, emotions and actions.

Question 6

What is metaphysical realism?

Answer 6

There is a world outside of our own minds.

Question 7

What is the Correspondence Theory of Truth?

Answer 7

Truth is when what you think, say or believe corresponds to reality.

Question 8

T/F The goal of a critical thinker should be reasonableness instead of certainty.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

T/F The goal of critical thinking is to learn to effectively criticize an opponent’s arguments, whether or not they are reasonable.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

T/F Evidence is what determines whether a belief is justifiable or rational.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What does the Postmodernist believe about reality?

Answer 11

It is a social construction (since we can’t see past the wall of perception, we have to create our own reality as we see it)

Question 12

What does the Postmodernist believe about truth?

Answer 12

It is a social construction (since we can’t know reality)

Question 13

T/F Most things we “know” require some level of uncertainty.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Why is it self-refuting to say, “Everyone has their own individual truth”?

Answer 14

That would require a truth claim that applies to everyone.

Question 15

Why is HOW you say something in regard to religion just as important as WHAT you say in regard to religion?

Answer 15

How you say if affects whether or not someone else will consider it.

Question 16

List three things that must be true if someone says, “there is no truth”.

Answer 16

1 - Words
2 - person speaking
3 - alphabet
4 - language, etc

Question 17

Who said, “I think therefore I am?”

Answer 17

Descartes

Question 18

Label the following ideas Postmodern or Modern:
Metaphysial realism
Awareness of the importance of perspective
Correspondence theory of truth
Reality is a social construct

Answer 18

Metaphysial realism - Modern
Awareness of the importance of perspective - Post modern
Correspondence theory of truth - Modern
Reality is a social construct - Post modern

Question 19

Why should religious claims still be evaluated using logic?

Answer 19

• Logic required for understanding
• Religious ideas require evidence to show reasonableness
• Correspondent truth would indicate valid claims
• If just preference, all would be right

Question 20

What is Plato’s definition of knowledge?

Answer 20

Justified, true belief

Question 21

Who is credited with developing a clear system of argumentation?

Answer 21

Aristotle —-> Argument

Question 22

What are the ingredients for a good argument?

Answer 22

True premises and a conclusion that follows.

Question 23

What is the fallacy with each of these?

• appeal to authority
• ad hominem
• appeal to ignorance
• appeal to pity

Answer 23

Look up answers in basics of knowledge notes under truth Unit 1

Question 24

Which best describes the philosophical relationship between perspective and the correspondence view of truth?
A Truth is relative since individuals have their own perspectives of reality
B Truth is grounded in reality but individual perspectives are relative

Answer 24

B Truth is grounded in reality but individual perspectives are relative

Question 25

Explain how statements like "I feel sick" and "the pen is to the left of the paper" can still be defined as absolute

Answer 25

They describe true reality from the perspective of a certain person.

Question 26

The ability to see past a person's actions or words and into what causes them to act the way they do is called ___________________

Answer 26

Discernment

Question 27

What's the difference between agnosticism and skepticism?

Answer 27

Agnostic - says you can't know anything | Skeptic - says doubt everything

Question 28

Define a self-evident principle

Answer 28

One that proves itself true like, "I exist"

Question 29

Experts in the major monotheistic religions A Say their respective views on God are the same B Say their respective views on God are different C Are all in agreement D None of the above

Answer 29

B Say their respective views on God are different

Question 30

What is the problem with outlawing religions? A It is against Judaic law B It causes more oppression C It doesn't keep people from being religious D Both B & C

Answer 30

B It causes more oppression | C It doesn't keep people from being religious

Question 31

What is the weakness of the blind men and the elephant analogy?

Answer 31

Blind men - different religions Elephant - the same item being described Only an outsider would know they are all describing the same thing.

Question 32

T/F The claim that all religions are equally valid excludes people of many religions

Answer 32

True

Question 33

What does Christianity offer for keeping peace with those of other religions?

Answer 33

- Love your enemies + pray for those who persecute you - All are made in God's image - Saved by grace. Not outperforming others

Question 34

T/F The term "faith" in Christianity implies more an action based on knowledge than a belief without evidence

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Essential Question - Why does truth need to be defined by reality and how should one go about discovering what may be true?

Answer 35

- Truth cannot be defined by perspective - Correspondence definition of truth cannot be denied with proving it is true ( self-evident) - If evidence is reasonable enough, we can and should say we "know" something (ie. evidence of Christ as Savior)

Question 36

Since our perspective (based on limited knowledge and our worldview) does influence what we take to be real, we need to A Consider different perspectives B Evaluate evidence for different claims C Hold on to good evidence, but be open to new evidence D All of the above

Answer 36

D All of the above.