Unit 1 - Part 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Formal Amendment
A change in the actual wording of the Constitution
Full Faith and Credit
A state must recognize the validity of the public acts, records, and court decisions of other states
Implied Powers
Those that are “necessary and proper” to carry out Congress’ enumerated powers
Indirect Democracy
System in which the people are ruled by their representatives
Inherent Powers
Foreign policy powers held by the national government by virtue of its being a national government
Informal Amendment
A change in the interpretation of the Constitution
Judicial Review
Power of the courts to rule on the constitutionality of laws and government actions
Mandates
Requirements imposed by the national government upon the states
Unfunded Mandates
Requirements imposed by the national government which lack funding
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Established judicial review
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Established principle of national supremacy and validity of implied powers
Police Powers
Powers of the states to protect the public health, safety, morals, and welfare
Popular Sovereignty
Principle in which ultimate political authority rests within the people
Privileges and Immunities Clause
A state cannot unreasonably discriminate against citizens of other states
Reserved Powers
Powers held by the states through the 10th amendment
Separation of Powers
Principle in which the powers of government are separated among three branches
Shays’ Rebellion (1786)
Revolt by Massachusetts farmers seeking relief from debt and foreclosure that was a factor in calling the Constitutional Convention
Supermajority
A majority greater than a simple majority of 1/2
Unicameral Legislature
One-house legislature
US v. Lopez (1995)
Congress exceeded their authority under the Commerce Clause when they passed the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 because gun possession doesn’t affect interstate commerce
