Unit 1 - Psychodynamic Approach

Question 1

3 assumptions of the psychodynamic approach

Answer 1

Influence of childhood experiences
The unconscious mind
Tripartite personality

Question 2

Influence fo childhood experiences involves…

Answer 2

The psychosexual stages

Question 3

What are the 5 stages in the psychosexual stages?

Answer 3

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genitals

Question 4

3 levels of consciousness

Answer 4

Conscious
Preconcious
Unconscious

Question 5

How does the ego protect itself?

Answer 5

With defence mechanisms

Question 6

What are the 4 defence mechanisms?

Answer 6

Displacement
Projection
Repression
Regression

Question 7

3 parts of personality

Answer 7

ID (pleasure principle)
Ego (reality principle)
Superego (moral ideals)

Question 8

Psychodynamic link to human behaviours

Answer 8

Schizophrenia - childhood experiences (oral fixation = schizophrenia)
Relationship formation - childhood experiences (phallic stages influence relationships)

Question 9

Therapy for the psychodynamic approach

Answer 9

Dream analysis

Question 10

2 context types of dreams

Answer 10

Manifest content (what you continuously remember)
Latent content (real meaning of dream)

Question 11

What produces manifest content in dreams?

Answer 11

Dream work

Question 12

5 ways dream work creates manifest content

Answer 12

Condensation
Displacement
Representation
Symbolism
Secondary elaboration

Question 13

Strengths of dream analysis

Answer 13

Similar results found in computer simulations

Question 14

Weaknesses of dream analysis

Answer 14

Low ecological validity
Confounding variables (research on sleep deprived)
Subjective interpretation of manifest content
False memories indices by therapist?
Over dependence on the therapist

Question 15

Classsic study of the psychodynamic approach is…

Answer 15

Bowl by 44 juvenile thieves

Question 16

Methodology of Bowlby’s study

Answer 16

Case studies
44 thieves referred to clinic
Control group from clinic too,
Matched

Question 17

Procedures of Bolwby’s study

Answer 17

Internal examination
-each child given mental tests, asses intelligence and attitudes
- mothers interviewed to gain history
- 2 hour examination 
-school reports and toners considered
Therapy 
- provisional diagnosis made
- Further interviews

Question 18

What kind of study was bowlbys?

Answer 18

Case study

Question 19

How many participants in bowlbys study?

Answer 19

44 thieves

44 control group

Question 20

What are the 6 character types in bowlby’s findings ?

Answer 20

1. Normal
2. Depressed
3. Circular
4. Hyperthermia
5. Affectionless
6. Schizoid

Question 21

What does Bowlby mean by a ‘normal’ character type? How many were identified?

Answer 21

Character fairly normal and stable

X2

Question 22

What does Bowlby mean by a ‘depressed’ character type? How many were identified?

Answer 22

Unstable, depressed start of mind

X9

Question 23

What does Bowlby mean by a ‘circular’ character type? How many were identified?

Answer 23

Unstable, showing alternating depression and over activity

X2

Question 24

What does Bowlby mean by a ‘hyperthermic’ character type? How many were identified?

Answer 24

Demonstrates constant over activity

X13

Question 25

What does Bowlby mean by a ‘affectionless’ character type? How many were identified?

Answer 25

Lack normal affection, shame and responsibility | X 14

Question 26

What does Bowlby mean by a ‘schizoid’ character type? How many were identified?

Answer 26

Showed marked schizoid/schizophrenic symptoms | X 4

Question 27

What did bowlby believe would happen to the 42 (not normal) thieves without treatment?

Answer 27

Would develop neurotic/ psychotic symptoms

Question 28

Which character type had an incident of prolonged separation?

Answer 28

12/14 affectionless characters had prolonged separation

Question 29

What conclusions can be drawn from Bowlby’s study?

Answer 29

- confirmation of the importance of early years | - carers should be aware of damage of prolonged separation

Question 30

strengths of Bowlby’s study

Answer 30

G R A+ application (huge impact in hospitals) V + did triangulate E+ no deception, informed consent, withdrawal, protected

Question 31

weaknesses of Bowlbys study

Answer 31

``` G- small sample, largely male, london R- case study thus hard to standardise A V- poor population validity, subjective to bowlby E- mental distress? ```

Question 32

3 Strengths of the psychodynamic approach

Answer 32

N- accounts for nature and nurture U- useful, highlights critical childhood stages, influencing therapies R- holisitc, recognises influences in Beth. from multiple factors D- S-

Question 33

3 weaknesses of the psychodynamic approach

Answer 33

``` N- U- R- reductionist D- deterministic as ignores free will (ie. behaviour is predetermined by childhood exp.) S- unscientific! Cannot be falsified ```

Question 34

Classic study of the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 34

Mother as primary care giver

Question 35

What are the titles in the psychodynamic debateto refer to?

Answer 35

Feeding Freud’s view Deprivation damage Mothers not fathers