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AP Psych > Unit 1 Test Part 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Test Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the literal definition of psychology?

A

study of the soul

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2
Q

What are the 2 big issues in psychology?

A

Nature vs. Nurture; Mind & Body

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3
Q

_______ suggests that the brain is physical and the mind is something else (the mind is “divine”)

A

Dualism

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4
Q

the mind controls the body

A

Classical Dualism

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5
Q

the mind and the body are isolated – exist in separate worlds

A

Parallelism

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6
Q

the brain causes the mind

A

Epiphenomenalism

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7
Q

________ suggests that the brain and mind are one in the same

A

Monism

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8
Q

both the mind and body exist in a mental realm

A

Idealism

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9
Q

_______ suggests that the entire universe exists in the mind (John Mulchovich)

A

Solipsism

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10
Q

both the mind and body are physical; there is no non-physical mental world

A

Materialism

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11
Q

Psychologist who proposed evolution

A

Darwin

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12
Q

Father of Psychology
Established first psych lab
Hoped to measure atoms of the mind

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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13
Q

Structuralism
Focused on introspection
“What?”
Studied basic elements of conscious experience

A

Edward Titchener

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14
Q

Functionalism
Focused on the purpose of behavior
“Why?”

A

William James

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15
Q

Wilhelm Wundt, Edward Titchener, and William James

A

Introspection

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16
Q

Psychodynamic
Focused on the unconscious mind
How do underlying forces determine conflict, motivation, and desires?

A

Sigmund Freud

17
Q

Behaviorism
Dismissed introspection
Believed in observable behavior only

A

John Watson

18
Q

Gestalt
Thinking, learning, and perception
“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”

A

Max Wertheimer

19
Q

_________ psychology uses ideas, theories, and research from multiple perspectives according to the needs of clients

A

Eclectic

20
Q

Hereditary/biochemical processes
Brain & nervous system, genetics, hormones
James Olds, Roger Sperry, David Hubel

A

Biological Approach

21
Q

Environmental/stimulus, conditions
Specific overt responses
John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner, Ivan Pavlov

A

Behavioral Approach

22
Q

Stimulus conditions/mental processes
Thoughts and language
Jean Piaget, Noam Chomsky, Herbert Spencer, George Miller

A

Cognitive Approach

23
Q

Unique aspects of “human experience”
Human potential, self-actualization
Carl Rogers, A. Maslow

A

Humanistic Approach

24
Q

Early life experiences
Unconscious drives and conflicts
Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler

A

Psychodynamic Approach

25
Q

Cultural Norms
Cross-cultural patterns of attitude and behavior
P. Greenfield, John Berry

A

Socio-Cultural Approach

26
Q

Natural selection/adaptive processes
Behavior in terms of adaptive value
David Buss, Martin Daly, Margo Wilson

A

Evolutionary Approach

27
Q

human development across the lifespan; womb to womb which includes infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age

A

Developmental Subfield

28
Q

interpersonal behavior and the role of social forces in governing behavior; includes attitude formation, prejudice, attraction, etc.

A

Social Subfield

29
Q

how people learn and the best way to teach them; includes curriculum design, teacher training, achievement testing, etc.

A

Educational Subfield

30
Q

how psychology factors relate to the maintenance of physical health and the causation, prevention, and treatment of illness

A

Health Subfield

31
Q

the influence of genetic factors on behavior and the role of the brain, nervous system, etc. in the regulation of behavior

A

Physiological Subfield

32
Q

encompasses the traditional core topics of psychology; sensation, perception, learning, conditioning, motivation, and emotion

A

Experimental Subfield

33
Q

“higher” mental processes, such as memory, reasoning, information processing, problem solving, decision-making, etc.

A

Cognitive Subfield

34
Q

describing/understanding individuals’ consistency in behavior; factors that shape personality and personality assessment

A

Personality Subfield

35
Q

the measurement of behavior and capacities, usually through the development of psychological tests

A

Psychometrics Subfield

AP Psych (6 decks)

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