Unit 1 Test Part 1

Question 1

What is the literal definition of psychology?

Answer 1

study of the soul

Question 2

What are the 2 big issues in psychology?

Answer 2

Nature vs. Nurture; Mind & Body

Question 3

_______ suggests that the brain is physical and the mind is something else (the mind is “divine”)

Answer 3

Dualism

Question 4

the mind controls the body

Answer 4

Classical Dualism

Question 5

the mind and the body are isolated – exist in separate worlds

Answer 5

Parallelism

Question 6

the brain causes the mind

Answer 6

Epiphenomenalism

Question 7

________ suggests that the brain and mind are one in the same

Answer 7

Monism

Question 8

both the mind and body exist in a mental realm

Answer 8

Idealism

Question 9

_______ suggests that the entire universe exists in the mind (John Mulchovich)

Answer 9

Solipsism

Question 10

both the mind and body are physical; there is no non-physical mental world

Answer 10

Materialism

Question 11

Psychologist who proposed evolution

Answer 11

Darwin

Question 12

Father of Psychology
Established first psych lab
Hoped to measure atoms of the mind

Answer 12

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 13

Structuralism
Focused on introspection
“What?”
Studied basic elements of conscious experience

Answer 13

Edward Titchener

Question 14

Functionalism
Focused on the purpose of behavior
“Why?”

Answer 14

William James

Question 15

Wilhelm Wundt, Edward Titchener, and William James

Answer 15

Introspection

Question 16

Psychodynamic
Focused on the unconscious mind
How do underlying forces determine conflict, motivation, and desires?

Answer 16

Sigmund Freud

Question 17

Behaviorism
Dismissed introspection
Believed in observable behavior only

Answer 17

John Watson

Question 18

Gestalt
Thinking, learning, and perception
“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”

Answer 18

Max Wertheimer

Question 19

_________ psychology uses ideas, theories, and research from multiple perspectives according to the needs of clients

Answer 19

Eclectic

Question 20

Hereditary/biochemical processes
Brain & nervous system, genetics, hormones
James Olds, Roger Sperry, David Hubel

Answer 20

Biological Approach

Question 21

Environmental/stimulus, conditions
Specific overt responses
John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner, Ivan Pavlov

Answer 21

Behavioral Approach

Question 22

Stimulus conditions/mental processes
Thoughts and language
Jean Piaget, Noam Chomsky, Herbert Spencer, George Miller

Answer 22

Cognitive Approach

Question 23

Unique aspects of “human experience”
Human potential, self-actualization
Carl Rogers, A. Maslow

Answer 23

Humanistic Approach

Question 24

Early life experiences
Unconscious drives and conflicts
Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler

Answer 24

Psychodynamic Approach

Question 25

Cultural Norms Cross-cultural patterns of attitude and behavior P. Greenfield, John Berry

Answer 25

Socio-Cultural Approach

Question 26

Natural selection/adaptive processes Behavior in terms of adaptive value David Buss, Martin Daly, Margo Wilson

Answer 26

Evolutionary Approach

Question 27

human development across the lifespan; womb to womb which includes infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age

Answer 27

Developmental Subfield

Question 28

interpersonal behavior and the role of social forces in governing behavior; includes attitude formation, prejudice, attraction, etc.

Answer 28

Social Subfield

Question 29

how people learn and the best way to teach them; includes curriculum design, teacher training, achievement testing, etc.

Answer 29

Educational Subfield

Question 30

how psychology factors relate to the maintenance of physical health and the causation, prevention, and treatment of illness

Answer 30

Health Subfield

Question 31

the influence of genetic factors on behavior and the role of the brain, nervous system, etc. in the regulation of behavior

Answer 31

Physiological Subfield

Question 32

encompasses the traditional core topics of psychology; sensation, perception, learning, conditioning, motivation, and emotion

Answer 32

Experimental Subfield

Question 33

"higher" mental processes, such as memory, reasoning, information processing, problem solving, decision-making, etc.

Answer 33

Cognitive Subfield

Question 34

describing/understanding individuals' consistency in behavior; factors that shape personality and personality assessment

Answer 34

Personality Subfield

Question 35

the measurement of behavior and capacities, usually through the development of psychological tests

Answer 35

Psychometrics Subfield