Unit 1: The Nature Of Life

Question 1

Acid

Answer 1

Is between 0 and 7 on the pH scale

Question 2

Adaptation

Answer 2

A characteristic that helps a living thing survive and reproduce in a given environment

Question 3

Adhesion

Answer 3

Attraction to water to other molecules

Question 4

Anion

Answer 4

A negatively charged ion

Question 5

Atom

Answer 5

The smallest unit of a chemical element

Question 6

Atomic mass

Answer 6

Number of proteins plus neurons

Question 7

Base

Answer 7

Between 7 and 14 on the pH scale

Question 8

Biodiversity

Answer 8

Diversity of living things

Question 9

Biology

Answer 9

The study of living things

Question 10

Biome

Answer 10

A group of similar ecosystems with the same general type of physical environment

Question 11

Biosphere

Answer 11

Part of earth where all life exists including land, air, and water

Question 12

Buffer

Answer 12

Weak acids and weak bases which work to neutralize substances inside cells that are too acidic to too basic

Question 13

Cation

Answer 13

A positively charged ion

Question 14

Cell

Answer 14

The basic unit of the structure and function of living things

Question 15

Cell theory

Answer 15

All living things are made up of cells; cells are the structural unit of living organisms; living cells come from other living cells

Question 16

Chemistry

Answer 16

The study of matter, it’s composition, and properties

Question 17

Chromosome

Answer 17

Location of genes, made up of DNA

Question 18

Cohesion

Answer 18

Attraction of water to other water molecules (surface tension allowing insects to walk on water)

Question 19

Covalent bond

Answer 19

The force of attraction that holds together two non metal atoms that share a pair of electrons

Question 20

Crystal

Answer 20

A rigid framework of many ions locked together in a repeating pattern

Question 21

DNA

Answer 21

Large molecules encoded with instructions that tell cells what to do

Question 22

Density

Answer 22

Frozen water is less dense than liquid which allows it to float on water (insulates bodies of water allowing living things to survive during cold temperatures)

Question 23

Dependent variable

Answer 23

The affected variable depends on the independent variable and scientists cannot control the dependent variable

Question 24

Ecosystem

Answer 24

Consists of all living things in a given area, together with the non living things

Question 25

Electron

Answer 25

Negatively charged particles in an atom, they participate in bonding

Question 26

Element

Answer 26

A pure substance

Question 27

Gene

Answer 27

A segment of DNA that has the instructions to encode a protein; located in larger structures called chromosomes

Question 28

Gene theory

Answer 28

The idea that all characteristics of living organisms are controlled by genes

Question 29

Homogeneous

Answer 29

The same chemical composition found uniformly throughout the substance

Question 30

Homeostasis

Answer 30

The process of maintaining a constant internal environment

Question 31

Hydrogen bond

Answer 31

The positive hydrogen end of one water molecule is attracted to the negative oxygen end of the nearby water molecule. Because of this attraction, weak bonds form between the adjacent molecules

Question 32

Hydrogen ion

Answer 32

H + ion created from the breakdown of water

Question 33

Hydroxide ion

Answer 33

OH - ion created from the breakdown of water

Question 34

Independent variable

Answer 34

The variable that is changed in an experiment

Question 35

Ion

Answer 35

When an atom gains or loses electrons

Question 36

Ionic bond

Answer 36

The force of attraction that hold together oppositely charged ions

Question 37

Isotope

Answer 37

Atoms of an element with differing numbers of neutrons

Question 38

Molecule

Answer 38

Atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 39

Matter

Answer 39

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 40

Organ

Answer 40

Structure composed of one or more types of tissue

Question 41

Organ system

Answer 41

A group of organs that work together to do a certain job

Question 42

Outlier

Answer 42

When data falls outside the pattern observed

Question 43

pH scale

Answer 43

A scale to measure the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions that exist in solutions. The scale ranges from 0 to 14

Question 44

Polar covalent bond

Answer 44

Bond in a polar molecule in which electrons are shared between the molecules

Question 45

Polar molecule

Answer 45

A molecule in which part of the molecule is positively charged and part of the molecule is negatively charged

Question 46

Polarity

Answer 46

The property of a molecule to have a positive and negative end

Question 47

Proton

Answer 47

Positively charged particles in an atom, located in the nucleus

Question 48

Qualitative data

Answer 48

Observations recorded as descriptions

Question 49

Quantitative data

Answer 49

Information about quantities

Question 50

Tissue

Answer 50

A group of cells of the same kind

Question 51

Trend

Answer 51

Show scientists a pattern in the data

Question 52

Valence electron

Answer 52

Electrons found in the outer energy level of an atom