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AQA A Level History- IJ The British Empire c.1857-1967 > Unit 1: Topic 2: India > Flashcards

Unit 1: Topic 2: India Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the governor general who introduced Westernisation into India- making English the official language and outlawing religious customs?

A

Lord Bentick 1828-35

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2
Q

Who was the governor general who promoted Christianity and disregarded Indian customs introducing the Doctrine of Lapse?

A

Lord Dalhousie- 1848- 56

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3
Q

Who rebelled before the main Indian mutiny and when?

A

Mangal Pandey- March 1857- attacked an officer

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4
Q

When and where did the Indian mutiny start and who was involved?

A

10th May 1857- began at Meerut- 85 members of the 3rd Bengal light cavalry refused to use rifles so were imprisoned- broken free by comrades and turned on officers.

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5
Q

Who raised an army to defend her land from the British during the Indian mutiny?

A

Rani of Jhansi

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6
Q

When was the Cawnpore Massacre and who caused it?

A

June 27th 1857, Nana Sahib

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7
Q

Who was involved in the Canpore massacre and where did it occur?

A
  • Major General Sir Hugh Wheeler surrendored to Nana Sahib
  • 200 women and children massacred
  • Occured at the Bibhigar complex.
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8
Q

What was the battle in which British won against the rebels?

A

The Battle of Gwailor- June 1858

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9
Q

When was the government of India act?

A

1858

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10
Q

When was the Delhi Durbar and Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India?

A

1877

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11
Q

Which Viceroy helped Disraeli with the Delhi Derbar?

A

Viceroy Robert Lytton in 1877

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12
Q

How did tea plantations increase in India after the Indian mutiny?

A
  • 1851- 1 plantation
  • 1872- 295 plantations
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13
Q

How many British troops were in the Indian army at the time of the Indian mutiny?

A

Fewer than 40,000

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14
Q

What was the ratio of Indian troops to British troops in the army by the 1880s?

A
  • 1:2
  • 70,000 British: 125,000 Indians
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15
Q

How many Bengali regiments were disbanded after the Indian rebellion?

A

62/74

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16
Q

How many Indian troops were deployed in the 2nd Opium war and when?

A

1859- 10,000

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17
Q

How many Indian troops were deployed to fight Arabi Pasha in 1882?

A

7,000

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18
Q

How much railway was laid in the decade after the Indian rebellion?

A
  • 3,000 miles of railway
  • 2 miles a day
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19
Q

When was the Government of India Act where the British government took control of India from the East India Company?

A

1858

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20
Q

Who controlled India from Britain?

A

The India office headed by the Secretary of State for India advised by the India council.

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21
Q

How many members were in the India Council?

A

15 members

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22
Q

Who was the first Viceroy of India and who did he take over from?

A

Viceroy Canning took over from Lord Dalhousie.

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23
Q

When was the Age of Consent Act and what did it dictate?

A

1891- raised age of statutory rape from 10 to 12 years old

24
Q

When was the Indian Natioanl Congress formed?

A

1885

25
Q

What was the name of the railway network through India?

A

The Great Railway Network.

26
Q

According to the 1871 census how many Indians lived under British rule?

A
  • 232 million under direct rule
  • 63 million in Princely states
27
Q

How many civil servants were there in the Indian civil service?

A

Around 1000.

28
Q

How many members of the Indian civil service were Indian in 1890?

A

30

29
Q

How many members were in the Legislative council and what were they responsible for?

A
  • 5 members
  • Finance, law, army and home affairs
30
Q

Who represented teh Viceroy in the provinces?

A

Provincial Governors/ chief commissioners with their own legislative councils?

31
Q

Who oversaw local councils and reported practical issues in India?

A

District officers

32
Q

How many princely states were there?

A

565

33
Q

How much of India did the Princes rule?

A

40%

34
Q

When was the Doctrine of Lapse introduced and removed and who by?

A
  • 1848- introduced by Governor- General Lord Dalhousie
  • 1858- removed by Viceroy Curzon
35
Q

When was the Delhi Derbhar and which viceroy was it run by?

A

1877- run by Viceroy Robert Lytton

36
Q

When was Queen Victoria pronounced empress of India?

A

1st January 1877

37
Q

How many provinces did the British rule?

A
  • British ruled 8 large provinces
  • Number of small provinces run by chief commissioners brough the number to 13
38
Q

Who oversaw the running of princely states for the Viceroy?

A
  • Residents- major princely states
  • Agents- minor princely states
39
Q

Where did Universities open in India in 1857?

A

Bombay, Madras and Calcutta

40
Q

What was the main elite school in India?

A

Rajkumar college

41
Q

How many students entered universities in the 30 years after 1857?

A
  • 60,000 entered universities mostly in arts
  • 2,000 entered law
42
Q

What were the features of graduates in 1882?

A
  • 1/3 entered government service- 1,100 appointments.
  • Slightly more than 1/3 entered law
43
Q

When did Mary Carpenter visit India and how many times did she visit?

A

Visited India 4 times 1866-1875

44
Q

When did Mary Carpenter set up the National Indian Association?

A

1870

45
Q

When did Viceroy Canning do his clemency tour of India?

A

1859-1861

46
Q

When was Viceroy Canning Viceroy?

A

1858-62

47
Q

When was the Great Famine?

A

1876-1878

48
Q

How did tea plantations increase?

A
  • 1851-1
  • 1871- 295
49
Q

How much land did the irrigation reforms impact?

A

6% of land mostly only where supported British commercial interest.

50
Q

How much railway was built after the Indian Rebellion.

A

3,000 miles laid in the decade after the rebellion- 2 miles a day

51
Q

When was the Ilbert Bill proposed leading to the ‘white mutiny’?

A

1883

52
Q

When was the Indian National Congress’ first meeting?

A

December 1885

53
Q

When was Viceroy Robert Lytton Viceroy?

A

1876-1880

54
Q

When did Viceroy Lytton launch an invasion into Afghanistan?

A

November 1878

55
Q

How many troops did Viceroy Lytton lose in his fight with Afghanistan?

A

1,000- double the Afghanistan losses

56
Q

When was the treaty of Gandamak and what did it secure?

A
  • 1879
  • Secured the strategic North-West frontier in Afghanistan

AQA A Level History- IJ The British Empire c.1857-1967 (13 decks)

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