Unit 1 Vocab

Question 1

groups of different, interacting species in the same area

Answer 1

Community

Question 2

biotic factors interacting in a specific area with each other and with the. environment

Answer 2

Ecosystem

Question 3

plants & animals found in a region; based on yearly temp. + precipitation (climate), animals are adapted and suited for

Answer 3

Biome

Question 4

one member of a species

Answer 4

Individual

Question 5

group of organisms in the same species, living in the same area

Answer 5

Population

Question 6

two species interact in ways that benefit.

(pollination, birds/elephants, clownfish/anemones)

Answer 6

Mutualism

Question 7

benefits one species, has little to no effect on others

(epiphytes/air plants)

Answer 7

Commensalism

Question 8

one species is a predator that feeds on another species, the prey and has a strong effect on population size in many ecosystems

brown bear feeds on salmon

Answer 8

Predation

Question 9

relationship or close association between members of different species

Answer 9

Symbiosis

Question 10

when 2 different species compete for similar scarce resources evolve specialized traits that allow them to share and reduce competition

insect eating birds reduce competition by feeding in different portions

Answer 10

Resource Partitioning

Question 11

using resources at different times

wolves and coyotes hunting

Answer 11

Temporal Partitioning

Temporal Time

Question 12

using different resources based on different evolved body features

bird beaks

Answer 12

Morphological Partitioning

Question 13

using different areas if the shared habitat

different length roots

Answer 13

Spatial Partitioning

Spatial Space

Question 14

Amount of salt in water (concentration)

Limits amount of plants that can grow

Answer 14

Salinity

Question 15

area where the ocean meets the land between high and low tides, highest productivity supports the most species

Answer 15

Intertidal zone

Question 16

edge of the intertidal zone to the continental slope

Answer 16

Neritic zone

Question 17

no sunlight, no photosynthesis

Answer 17

Abyssal zone

Question 18

very bottom, no sunlight of ocean

Answer 18

Bentic

Question 19

high nutrients, high sunlight, high rain and water

Answer 19

Wetlands

Question 20

where freshwater and saltwater meet

salinity in this biome how much freshwater

Answer 20

Estuaries

Question 21

water in this biome is warm, shallow, photosynthesis

Answer 21

Coral Reef

Question 22

where the ocean meets the shore between low tides and high tides

Answer 22

Intertidal Zones

Question 23

sunlight fully reaches into water (photosynthesis

ocean biome

Answer 23

Photic Zone

Question 24

below photic, no sunlight(no photosynthesis)

ocean biome

Answer 24

Aphotic Zone

Question 25

reservoir that take in more carbon than it releases | (Ocean, algae & sediments, plants, soil)

Answer 25

Carbon sink

Question 26

Converts n2 gas into ammonia, abiotic or biotic

Answer 26

Nitrogen fixation

Question 27

Plants & animals taking N in and incorporating into biomass | Plants:roots take in from soil; animals:eating plants or other animals

Answer 27

Assimilation

Question 28

converting waste & dead biomass back into NH3 and returning it to soil | waste products

Answer 28

Ammonification

Question 29

Conversion of nh into nitrate (NO4) then nitrate (NO3) by soil bacteria, conversion of ammonia into nitrates and nitrates | only happen in the presence of oxygen

Answer 29

Nitrification

Question 30

Converts soil N(NO3) into nitrous oxide(n2o) gas which returns to atmosphere, carried out by denitrifying bacteria

Answer 30

Denitrification

Question 31

synthetic fertilizer use leads to nitrates (NO3) being carried out of soil by water | nitrates runoff into local waters causing algae blooms

Answer 31

Leaching

Question 32

calcium carbonate precipitates out as sediment & settles on ocean floor | slow movement of carbon cycle

Answer 32

Sedimentation

Question 33

precipitation flows over earth’s surface into a body of water, recharges surface waters, but can also carry pollutants into water sources

Answer 33

Runoff

Question 34

precipitation trickles through soil down into groundwater aquifers, Precipitation recharges groundwater through infiltration

Answer 34

Infiltration

Question 35

the rate of production of energy from a source

Answer 35

Productivity

Question 36

At each successive level, the energy and biomass are lost. The organisms at each level use energy for respiration.

Answer 36

Respiration loss

Question 37

the amount of energy that is actually stored in the plant after respiration processes

Answer 37

NPP - Net Primary Productivity

Question 38

total amount of solar energy that producers in a ecosystem capture via photosynthesis over a given amount of time

Answer 38

GPP- Gross Primary Productivity

Question 39

energy is neither created nor destroyed

Answer 39

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Question 40

when energy is converted from one form to another, some energy is lost and efficiency decreases

Answer 40

2nd Law of Thermodynamics