Unit 10 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are the four main perspectives to psychology?
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Trait
Social-Cultural
What is Personality?
An individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.
In Psychoanalysis, what are the parts of the mind?
Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
What are the five psychosexual stages and what do they focus on?
Oral (0-18mons): pleasure centered on the mouth; biting, chewing, sucking.
Anal (18-36mons): pleasure focuses on bladder and bowel elimination; coping with demands for control.
Phallic (3-6yrs): pleasure zone is in the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings. Gender identity develops rapidly; Oedipus complex may develop.
Latency (6-puberty):dormant sexual feelings.
Genital (puberty-on): Maturation of sexual feelings.
What is the Oedipus Complex?
A boy’s unconscious sexual desire for mother and feelings of hostility towards the father.
List the 8 defense mechanisms and their definition.
Regression: resorting to an infantile stage
Repression:
Reaction Formation: switching unacceptable impulses into their opposites.
Projection: disguising one’s own threatening impulses by attributing them to others.
Rationalization: offering self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening object or person.
Displacement: shifting sexual or aggressive impulses towards someone less threatening.
Sublimation: transferring of unacceptable impulses into socially valued motives.
Denial: refusing to believe or even perceive painful realities
What did Abraham Maslow contribute to The Humanistic Perspective?
Self-Actualization, Self-Transcendence, Peak Experiences.
What did Carl Rogers contribute to The Humanistic Perspective?
Unconditional-Positive Regard and Self-Concept and Real vs. Ideal Self.
What is unconditional-positive regard?
An attitude of total acceptance toward another person.
What are the characteristics of the id?
Childish and unconscious
What is the characteristic of the ego?
Realistic
What are the characteristics of the superego?
Disconnected from reality and expectations.
Horney’s helplessness
Moving away, moving towards
Define Self-Concept:
Thoughts about self
Define Trait:
Characteristic pattern of behavior as asserted by self report inventories and peer reports.
What is CANOE?
C: Conscientious A: Agreeableness N: Neuroticism O: Openness E: Extraversion
Define Surface Traits:
Aspects of personality that can easily be seen by other people in the outward actions of a person.
Define Source Traits:
The more basic traits that underline the surface traits, forming the core of personality.
Gordon Alport:
On of the first psychologists to use the trait perspective.
Social Cognitive Perspective
Bobo the doll & Albert Bandura
Reciprocal Determinism
Individual & Environment
Diff people = diff environment
Personalities shape how we interpret and react.
Personalities help create situations to which we react.
