Unit 10- Urinary System Vocab

Question 1

a polypeptide hormone in the blood that constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure

Answer 1

angiotensin

Question 2

a peptide hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that constricts blood vessels, raises blood pressure, and reduces excretion of urine; vasopressin

Answer 2

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 3

a normal byproduct of muscle metabolism; it’s produced by the body at a fairly steady rate and is freely filtered by the glomerulus

Answer 3

creatinine

Question 4

the movement of water and solutes (dissolved substances) from the capillaries into the glomerular capsular space; this is the first step in urine formation

Answer 4

glomerular filtration

Question 5

the total amount of water filtered from the glomerular capillaries into the glomerular capsule per unit of time; usually measured in milliliters per minute

Answer 5

glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

Question 6

the fundamental excretory unit of each kidney

Answer 6

nephron

Question 7

presence of excessive protein in the urine

Answer 7

proteinuria

Question 8

the movement of water and dissolved substances from the filtrate (in a renal tubule) back into the blood

Answer 8

reabsorption

Question 9

the active movement of substances from the blood into the filtrate, which will become urine

Answer 9

secretion

Question 10

an infection of the urethra, bladder, ureters, and/or kidney, usually caused by bacteria that enter the urethra at its outside opening

Answer 10

urinary tract infection (UTI)