Unit 11 Test Flashcards
To win
1
Q
- Which kind of behavior is probably the least influential in human behavior?
A
instinct
2
Q
- The cavity in the skull which contains the brain is the
A
cranial cavity
3
Q
- The body cavity that contains the heart and the lungs is the
A
thoracic cavity
4
Q
- The fingers in relation to the elbow are (direction)
A
distal
5
Q
- The type of tissue that includes bone, cartilage, blood, and lymph is called?
A
connective
6
Q
- The type of tissue that covers the body and lines the digestive tract is
A
epithilial
7
Q
- Name the major types of tissues found in the human body.
A
- connective
- epithilial
- muscle
- nervous
8
Q
- Which one of the skin layers carries on mitosis, supplying cells that will eventually be sloughed off?
A
stratum germativum
9
Q
- The layer of skin that is made up of dead cells is the
A
horny layer
10
Q
- Skin and hair are part of the which system?
A
integumentary
11
Q
- The layers of the skin, in correct order from superficial to deep, are
A
- epidermis
- dermis
- subcutaneous
12
Q
- What helps keep the hair soft?
A
sebaceous gland
13
Q
- Mild burns (like most sunburns) affect only as deep as the
A
epidermis
14
Q
- A pigment that the skin uses in protection against exposure to ultraviolet radiation is
A
melanin
15
Q
- What are the functions of the bones?
A
- support
- manufacturing blood cells
- protecting organs
- storing minerals
16
Q
- What is the epiphyseal plate and why is it important?
A
- end of long bones
- bone growth
17
Q
- The tough fibrous tissue covering the outside of a bone is the
A
periosteum
18
Q
- A tissue that fills the central cavity of long bones as a person grows older and is primarily composed of fat cells is
A
Yellow bone marrow
19
Q
- A tissue that is active in the formation of red blood cells is the
A
red bone marrow
20
Q
- The major mineral substance deposited in bone is
A
calcium
21
Q
- The posterior region of the zygomatic arch is made up of the
A
temporal bone
22
Q
- What is the hole in a vertebra called?
A
neural arch
23
Q
- The bone called the calcaneus has as its common name the
A
heel bone
24
Q
- The joint between the humerus and the radius is a
A
hinge joint
25
25. A connection between two or more bones or between cartilage and bone is called a
joint
26
26. Tough strands of connective tissue that hold the bones of ball-and-socket and hinge joints in place are called
ligaments
27
27. The joints between the various carpals and between the various tarsals are called
gliding joints
28
28. The type of joint illustrated between the atlas and the axis is a
pivot joint
29
29. A hinge joint is located in the
knee and elbow
30
30. A band of connective tissue between the fleshy portion of a muscle and a bone is
tendon
31
31. A secretion that lubricates a joint and acts as a shock absorber is
synovial fluid
32
32. What [kind of] muscles move your fingers?
skeletal
33
33. Muscle that is striated and voluntary is said to be
skeletal
34
34. What does smooth muscle do and where is it found?
- no concious control over smooth muscle (lines organs, etc.)
- Involuntary
35
35. Muscle that is involuntary and is found in the walls of the digestive system and blood vessels is said to be
smooth
36
36. Myofibrils are fine threads that make up what?
all muscles
37
37. What does the ATP molecule provide to the muscles?
energy
38
38. Name the two structural protein filaments found in muscle cells.
- actin
| - myosin
39
39. A movement toward the midline of the body is done by what kind of muscle?
adductor
40
40. The biceps brachii is antagonistic to the
triceps brachii
41
41. A muscle that decreases the angle of a joint is called a/an
flexor
42
42. The masseter would aid one most in
chewing
43
43. The muscle that would adduct the thigh from a wide foot base (feet far apart) would have its origin on the
ischium
44
44. Name examples of a sphincter muscles and their locations.
obicularis oris (lips)
45
45. The pectoralis major would help you most in what physical exercise?
pushups
46
46. A person who uses his gastrocnemius will have well-developed
calves
47
47. The rectus abdominis would help you most in what physical exercise?
situps
48
48. After a great deal of exercise, the soreness of muscles is caused in part by a build-up of
lactic acid
49
49. An inflamation caused by uric acid crystals deposited in the joints is called
gout
50
50. A broken bone that protrudes through the skin is known as what kind of fracture?
complete compound
51
51. Name all the bones of the body.
label 39 bones from page
52
52. The posterior portion of the soft palate ends at the
uvula
53
53. The voice box is another name for the
larynx
54
54. The pharynx has a total of how many openings?
7
55
55. The mouth cavity is separated from the nasal cavity by the
palate
56
56. The trachea, just before entering the lungs, divides into two
bronchi
57
57. The microscopic sacs in the lungs where blood exchanges gases are the
alveoli
58
58. The gases within the lung are exchanged with the blood primarily in the
alveoli
59
59. The membrane that covers the lungs is called the
pleura
60
60. The mechanical process by which air is moved into the alveoli and then out again is
breathing
61
61. The exchange of oxygen between the blood and the body cells is called
internal respiration
62
62. The air that cannot be forced out of the lungs is said to be (May not be on the test)
residual
63
63. Hemoglobin is the normal carrier of most of the
oxygen
64
64. The air involved in normal, relaxed breathing during sleep is called
tidal volume
65
65. The forcing of air from the lungs is called
expiration
66
66. Which gas forms the strongest bond with hemoglobin?
```
carbon monoxide (CO)
EXTRA CREDIT
```
67
67. What percentage of people who suffer from lung cancer are smokers?
99%
68
68. When oxygen combines with the red pigment molecule [hemoglobin] in the RBC it is called
oxyhemoglobin
69
69. Which are the functions of the nasal passages?
warms
filters
hydrates
smells
70
70. Name all the organs of the alimentary canal.
```
mouth
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
Duodenum
Large intestine
Anus
-You need to know which organ is not a part
---Pancreas
```
71
71. Mastication is
chewing
72
72. A tooth used for cutting and biting is a/an
Incisor
73
73. The number of deciduous teeth in a normal, complete set is
20
74
74. Starting at the front center of the upper jaw and going to the right rear of the mouth, the sequence of the teeth in a normal adult is
2 incisors, 1 cuspid, 2 premolars, 3 molars
75
75. The exposed portion of the tooth above the gum line is the
crown
76
76. The hard material that covers the crown of the tooth is the
enamel
77
77. The wavelike contractions of the alimentary canal that move food along are called
parystalsis
78
78. The semiliquid material in the stomach is called
chyme
79
79. Microscopic fingerlike structures that increase the surface area of the small intestine and contain blood and lymph vessels are the
villi
80
80. The main function of the esophagus is to
move food
81
81. Most food absorption and digestion occurs mainly in the
small intenstine
82
82. The passing of food from the stomach into the small intestine is controlled by the
pyloric valve/sphyncter
83
83. The portion of the small intestine in which the stomach empties is the
duodenum
84
84. The function of the small intestine is
chemical digestion and absorption
85
85. Name all of the structures of the villi.
blood vessels
lymphatic vessels
gland cells
86
86. What are the functions of the liver?
- engulfing bacteria and worn out blood cells
- removing drugs/poisons
- converting excess glucose into glycogen and storing it
87
87. Much of the water in the digestive process is reabsorbed in the
large intestine
88
88. Name the functions of the large intestine.
Absorption of water
89
89. A substance essential to the body because it dissolves certain foods and aids in regulating fluid balance, pH level, and body temperature is
water
90
90. What is food fiber essentially?
nondigestible carbohydrates
91
91. Salivary enzymes begin the breaking down of
starches
92
92. Pepsin in gastric fluid acts on molecules of
Protein
93
93. A deficiency of iron in a person’s diet would most noticeably result in
Anemia
94
94. What are the essential minerals to humans?
```
Calcium
Iron
Zinc
Sodium
Magnesium
Phosphorus
```
95
95. A deficiency in vitamin C can best be remedied by eating
citrus fruits
96
96. What is the difference between fat-soluble vitamins, , minerals, and water-soluble vitamins?
Your body cannot make water-soluble vitamins
97
97. Bile is important in the emulsification of
Fats
98
98. An enzyme that acts on fats is
Lipase
99
99. What is a calorie?
a unit of heat energy
100
100. The energy required to maintain normal body functions is called
Basil metabolic weight
101
101. Why is a diet containing proteins so important?
It allows the body to grow and repair
