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Ap Psych Vocab > Unit 12- Disorders > Flashcards

Unit 12- Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

psychological disorder

A

disturbance in cognition, emotion, behavior, and regulation

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2
Q

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

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3
Q

medical model

A

psychological disorders can be diagnosed/treated/cured, came out after pinel’s new approach

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4
Q

DSM-5

A

system for classifying psychological disorders

problems w/ the DSM:
- call too many people disordered
- labels may stigmatize/discriminate others

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5
Q

anxiety disorders

A

distressing, persistent anxiety, behavior to reduce anxiety
- Freud believes anxiety disorders are repressed impulses (especially from childhood)
- serotonin imbalance

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6
Q

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

A

continually tense/apprehensive and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal

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7
Q

panic disorder

A

anxiety disorder, episodes of intense dread and frightening situations (feels like you are dying)

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8
Q

phobia

A

anxiety disorder, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object/activity/situation

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9
Q

social anxiety disorder

A

intense fear of social situations

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10
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of situation one has felt loss of control or panic in

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11
Q

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

anxiety disorder, unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and actions (compulsions)
- PET scan of the brain shows high metabolic activity in frontal lobe areas involved w directing attention

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12
Q

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

anxiety disorder, haunting memories, nightmares, anxiety, social withdrawal, hypervigilance etc after a traumatic experience

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13
Q

post-traumatic growth

A

positive psychological changes from struggling with challenging circumstance and life crises

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14
Q

mood disorders

A

emotional extremes

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15
Q

major depressive disorder

A

mood disorder, depressed mood and loss of interest and pleasure, brain activity decreased, smaller frontal lobes, reduced serotonin

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16
Q

mania

A

hyperactive, wildly optimistic state, brain activity increased

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17
Q

bipolar disorder

A

mood disorder, person alternates between depression and mania, fewer brain axons

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18
Q

rumination

A

compulsive fretting; overthinking about out problems and causes

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19
Q

schizophrenia

A

delusions/hallucinations/disorganized speech, too many dopamine receptors, poor coordination in frontal lobes, thalamus fires during hallucinations as if sensations real
-if one twin has schizophrenia, the other, especially if identical, has a greater chance of also having it

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20
Q

psychosis

A

person loses contact with reality, irrational ideas and distorted perceptions

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21
Q

delusions

A

false beliefs

22
Q

hallucination

A

false sensory experiences

23
Q

somatic symptom disorder

A

symptoms take somatic form without physical cause

24
Q

conversion disorder

A

physical symptoms exist with no psychological basis

25
illness anxiety disorder
person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease
26
dissociative disorders
conscious awareness separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
27
dissociative identity disorder (DID)
person has two or more alternating personalities (used to be called multiple personality disorder)
28
anorexia nervosa
person has a starving diet despite being underweight
29
bulimia nervosa
person alternates binge eating with purging, excessive exercise, and fasting
30
binge eating disorder
binge eating followed by guilt and disgust
31
personality disorders
inflexible/enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
32
antisocial personality disorder
exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing
33
pinel's new approach
back in the day, disorders were thought to be from evil spirits, so it led to cruel treatment to "cure" people. pinel sought to reform brutal treatment, by proposing that disorders weren't from demonic possession but rather from environmental factors.
34
culture-bound syndromes
disorders that only exist within certain cultures
35
social phobia
intense fear of being watched and judged by others
36
hypervigilance
persistently watching out for danger, accompanies anxiety in PTSD
37
seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
mood disorder, recurring seasonal pattern of depression, usually during winter’s short, dark, cold days.
38
positive symptoms
presence of problematic behaviors
39
negative symptoms
absence of healthy behaviors
40
flat effect
no emotion showing in the face/body
41
catatonic
rarely initiating or controlling movement; copies others’ speech and actions, type of schizophrenia
42
three categories of personality disorders
- anxious: avoidant (fear of social rejection) - eccentric/odd: schizoid, flat affect, no social attachments - dramatic: histrionic, attention-seeking, narcissistic, self-centered, antisocial, amoral
43
paranoid personality disorder
suspicious, argumentative, paranoid, continually on the lookout for trickery and abuse, jealous, tendency to blame others, cold and humorless; hold grudges
44
schizoid personality disorder
has few friends other than 1st-degree relatives - a "loner"; indifferent to praise and criticism of others; unable to form close relationships; takes pleasure in few if any, activities; shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affect
45
schizotypal personality disorder
also aloof and indifferent like the schizoid; magical thinking; superstitious beliefs; uses unusual words and has peculiar ideas; a very mild form of schizophrenia
46
narcissistic personality disorder
grandiose; crave admiration of others; extremely self-centered; feel they are privileged and special; expects favors from others; emotions are not erratic
47
histrionic personality disorder
overly dramatic; attention seekers; easily angered; seductive; dependent on others; vain, shallow, and manipulative; displays intense, but often false emotions
48
borderline personality disorder
very unstable relationships; erratic emotions; self- damaging behavior; impulsive; unpredictable aggressive and sexual behavior; monophobia; easily angered
49
dependent personality disorder
see relationships with significant others as necessary for survival; subordinate their needs to those of others; terrified of being alone; relationship-hoppers; lack self-confidence; need approval for everything
50
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
perfectionists; preoccupied with details, rules, schedules; rigid and stubborn; more concerned about work than pleasure; serious and formal; cannot express tender feelings

Ap Psych Vocab (14 decks)

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