Unit 12 - Fertility and Fertility Control

Question 1

what is the route of sperm during conception

Answer 1

testes to seminal vesicles to vas deferens to urethra to vagina to cervix to uterus to uterine tubes

Question 2

what is the route of ovum during conception

Answer 2

ovaries to uterine tubes

Question 3

where does fertilization occur

Answer 3

in the uterine tube

Question 4

what occurs in order for implantation

Answer 4

a zygote divides to form a mass of cells

Question 5

where does implantation occur

Answer 5

the endometrium

Question 6

when does the mass of cells become an embryo

Answer 6

after several divisions

Question 7

when is an embryo considered a fetus

Answer 7

after 8 weeks

Question 8

what is coitus interrupts

Answer 8

the withdrawal method

Question 9

what are natural birth control methods

Answer 9

abstinence, outercourse, and coitus interruptus

Question 10

what is outercourse

Answer 10

hugging, kissing, touching, manual stimulation

Question 11

what are the three methods of fertility awareness

Answer 11

ovulation method, rhythm method, and basal body temperature method

Question 12

what are the pros of a male condom

Answer 12

provides the best protection against STIs; no side effects

Question 13

what are the cons of a male condom

Answer 13

can interrupt activity; some people are allergic to latex; may diminish sensation; and breakage

Question 14

what are the pros to a female condom

Answer 14

can be inserted up to 8 house before intercourse; and protects against STIs

Question 15

what are the cons to a female condom

Answer 15

can be noisy, move or be uncomfortable; slippage often occurs

Question 16

what are the pros to spermicide

Answer 16

it is inexpensive and readily available

Question 17

what are the cons to spermicide

Answer 17

used with or without a diaphragm; must be inserted before intercourse; and doesn’t protect against STIs

Question 18

what are the pros to a contraceptive sponge

Answer 18

can be inserted several hours or right before intercourse

Question 19

what are the cons to a contraceptive sponge

Answer 19

doesn’t protect against STIs; increases HIV risk

Question 20

how many days after can you use Plan B

Answer 20

five days

Question 21

what are the side effects of plan B

Answer 21

nausea/vomiting, irregular bleeding, fatigue, headache, dizziness, and tender breasts

Question 22

what does hormonal contraceptions prevent

Answer 22

the development of endometrium, which thickens cervical mucus

Question 23

what does hormonal contraceptions prevent conception

Answer 23

mimics pregnancy hormones, tricking the body into thinking it is pregnant; which in turn prevents ovulation

Question 24

what are the pros of an injectable contraceptive

Answer 24

3 months of protection; is effective and discrete

Question 25

what are the cons of an injectable contraceptive

Answer 25

doesn't protect against STIs; menstrual irregularities

Question 26

what are the pros of the contraceptive patch

Answer 26

effective and discrete

Question 27

what are the cons of a contraceptive patch

Answer 27

doesn't protect against STIs; and has side effects

Question 28

what are the pros of a hormonal ring

Answer 28

3 weeks protection at a time; and causes shorter, lighter periods

Question 29

what are the cons of a hormonal ring

Answer 29

doesn't protect against STIs; may have side effects

Question 30

what are the pros of a diaphragm

Answer 30

can be inserted up to 6 hours prior to intercourse

Question 31

what are the cons of a diaphragm

Answer 31

needs to be fitted; more expensive; can be moved out of place; and must be left in place for 6 hours after sex

Question 32

what are the pros of IUDS

Answer 32

lasts 3-5 years; may stop menstruation; reduces risks of some cancers; and is effective immediately

Question 33

what are the cons of IUDs

Answer 33

no protection against STIs, are expensive, needs to be inserted, and is painful

Question 34

what is tubal ligation

Answer 34

Fallopian tubes are cauterized; tied, cut, blocked or sealed

Question 35

what are the four steps of a vasectomy

Answer 35

vas deferens is located, a small incision in the scrotum to expose the vas, the section of the vas is removed, the incision is closed.

Question 36

what are the types of abortion

Answer 36

medical abortion, dilation and curettage, or vacuum aspiration

Question 37

what occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy

Answer 37

morning sickness, and a high risk of spontaneous abortion

Question 38

what occurs during the second trimester

Answer 38

abdomen starts to noticeably swell; movement of baby first evidenced

Question 39

what occurs during the third trimester

Answer 39

rapid fetal growth

Question 40

what are some key ways to maintain a healthy pregnancy

Answer 40

eat sensibly; avoid sodium nitrate; ensure adequate intake of folic acid; avoid alcohol, tobacco, and limit caffeine

Question 41

what occurs during the first stage of labor

Answer 41

dilation

Question 42

what occurs during the second stage of labor

Answer 42

delivery of the baby

Question 43

what occurs during the third stage of labor

Answer 43

explosion of the placenta

Question 44

what are the benefits of breastfeeding

Answer 44

decreases newborn's risk of CVD, obesity, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and allergies

Question 45

what are fertility options

Answer 45

sperm donor or surrogate; intrauterine insemination; hormone therapy; adoption