Unit 2

Question 1

What forms facial expressions?

Answer 1

the facial muscles which are mediated by cranial nerve VII (7)

Question 2

sutures

Answer 2

immovable joints where the cranial bones unite

Question 3

palpebral fissures

Answer 3

opening between the eyelids and should be symmetrical bilaterally

Question 4

nasolabial folds

Answer 4

creases extending from the nose
-smile lines

Question 5

salivary glands

Answer 5

two pairs and can be examined on the face

Question 6

parotid glands

Answer 6

located in the cheeks over the mandible and are not normally palpable

Question 7

submandibular glands

Answer 7

located beneath the mandible of the jaw

Question 8

thyroid gland

Answer 8

endocrine gland that has a very rich blood supply, secretes T3 and T4 which stimulates the rate of cellular metabolism

Question 9

Why does the thyroid enlarge in pregnant women?

Answer 9

hyperplasia

Question 10

What happens to skin and bones as aging occurs?

Answer 10

the facial bones appear more prominent due to the decrease in subq fat, moisture is decreased, and elasticity is decreased

Question 11

What is the leading cause of acute pain?

Answer 11

headaches

Question 12

primary headaches

Answer 12

tension, cluster, migraine

Question 13

secondary headache

Answer 13

occurs because of another disorder

Question 14

What is needed to clarify or diagnose a HA?

Answer 14

a detailed history

Question 15

tension HA

Answer 15

most common and can be caused by stressful environments, poor posture, feels like a headlock

Question 16

migraines

Answer 16

have a genetic component but can be caused by food, drink, chemicals, lying down can ease the pain

Question 17

cluster HA

Answer 17

least common, painful and disabling, unilateral pain, always on the same side of the head, pacing the floor can ease the pain

Question 18

Red flag of a HA

Answer 18

someone who has a severe HA and has never had one

Question 19

What can trigger a migraine?

Answer 19

chocolate
cheese
alcohol
menstruation
stress

Question 20

Symptoms of a migraine

Answer 20

nausea
vomiting
visual disturbances
nuchal rigidity

Question 21

concussion

Answer 21

direct blow to the skull causes the brain to shift rapidly back and forth

Question 22

What could loss of consciousness before a fall indicate?

Answer 22

a cardiac problem

Question 23

presyncope

Answer 23

light-headed swimming feeling, feeling of fainting, do not pass out

Question 24

vertigo

Answer 24

spinning

Question 25

objective vertigo

Answer 25

the person feels the room is spinning

Question 26

subjective vertigo

Answer 26

the person feels that they are spinning

Question 27

What does a persistent lump does not elicit any pain indicate?

Answer 27

a negative sign and needs to be checked

Question 28

Why should you use gentle pressure when palpating nodes?

Answer 28

deep pressure can push the nodes into the neck

Question 29

conjuctiva

Answer 29

transparent protective covering of the eye

Question 30

cornea

Answer 30

covers pupils and protects the iris, highly sensitive to touch, touching with the cotton ball stimulates the corneal reflex

Question 31

lacrimal gland

Answer 31

secretes tears

Question 32

Why might your eyes be puffy when crying?

Answer 32

bc the lacrimal gland is holding your tears

Question 33

Where do tears drain?

Answer 33

into the puncta, into the nasolacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct, and into the inferior meatus inside the nose

Question 34

What are eye boogers and boogers?

Answer 34

drainage from the puncta

Question 35

What are the 6 extraocular muscles of the eye?

Answer 35

allow for eyerolling 4 straight or rectus muscles are the superior, inferior, lateral, medial rectus

Question 36

What stimulates the movement of the EOMs?

Answer 36

cranial nerve 3, cranial nerve 4 works superior oblique and 6 (abducens and lateral rectus?

Question 37

cranial nerve 3

Answer 37

causes the pupils to constrict

Question 38

How do images appear on the retina?

Answer 38

upside down and reversed from the actual appearance

Question 39

CN II

Answer 39

optic nerve

Question 40

CN III

Answer 40

oculomotor nerve

Question 41

accodomation

Answer 41

adaptation for near vision

Question 42

What occurs in the aging adult to their eyes?

Answer 42

lacrimal glands decrease tear production, remove moisture from the eye, pupils decrease, len loses elasticity

Question 43

presbyopia

Answer 43

decrease the ability of the lens to change shape to accommodate for near vision

Question 44

cataract

Answer 44

the lens thickens and turns yellow

Question 45

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 45

chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes causing oxidative damage and inflammation of the retina

Question 46

glaucoma

Answer 46

optic nerve compression caused by increased ocular pressure

Question 47

normal visual acuity

Answer 47

20/20, the top number indicates the distance you are standing away from the distance from the snellen chart -denominator is the normal distance a normal eye can read that line

Question 48

pitosis

Answer 48

drooping of the eyelid