Unit 2 Flashcards
(40 cards)
arithmetic density
number of people per land area
physiological density
number of people supported by a unit of arable land
agricultural density
ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land
carrying capacity
the number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation.(deterioration of the environment)
Population distribution
the spread of people in an area
dispersed
population, buildings, or other features spread out over a wider area
clustered
population, buildings, or other features are concentrated in a specific area or region with little to no space between them
Population density
the amount of people in an area
desertification
the process by which arable land loses its fertility and becomes a desert.
urban sprawl
the unrestricted growth and expansion of an urban or suburban area into the surrounding countryside)
Population pyramid
shows the amount of people belonging to both genders in a specific age range
Regional
Can provide insight into the economic potential of a region
Local
help understand the dynamics of a community; Ex. a city with a large population in the 20-24 age range may be home to different colleges, resulting in more of a downtown and higher demand of rental properties
Sex ratio
ratio of males to females in a population
Dependency ratio
gives insight into how many people a society needs to support; the higher the number, the greater the burden will be on the working population
Crude birth rate
total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in a society
Crude death rate
total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in a society
Natural increase rate (rate of natural increase)
the percentage by which a population grows in a year
Doubling time
the amount of time it takes for a population to double in size; used to understand how a country should use their resources, set policies, and predict future challenges.
Total fertility rate (TFR)
the average number of children a woman will have
Infant mortality rate (IMR)
the total number of deaths under one year of age in a year for every 1,000 live births
DTM- Stage 1
High CBR and CDR resulting in a low NIR. most people in these countries are engaged in subsistence agriculture (agricultural production that occurs with the intent to provide for the farmers family or local community (output is for consumption not sale)); women usually have limited opportunities and lack education; main focus on household tasks and child bearing; migration is seasonal; lack access to good healthcare and education, resulting in a high death rate; no longer any countries in this stage
DTM- Stage 2
high CBR and declining CDR, resulting in a significant increase of NIR and total population; CDR and IMR decreased due to advancements in technology, agricultural advancements, sanitation, and increased knowledge in medicine; women receive slight expansion of their role, but still remain limited; more individuals leaving rural areas and going to urban areas searching for more economic opportunities; increased rates of emigration (when an individual leaves a country or political territory
DTM- Stage 3
CBR starts to decline and CDR is still decreasing, NIR starts to become more moderate; improved medical technology= longer life expectancy and reduction in IMR, resulting in smaller family sizes; more dominant economic centers with jobs focusing in manufacturing; people continue to migrate from rural to urban areas; people start to have fewer children due to lack of space and economic changes; women start to get more access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities= declining CBR; more people start to migrate to urban areas (mexico is an example of a country in this stage)
