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Unit 2 Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 3 parts of a Nucleotide?

A

Phosphate, Sugar (Deoxyribose), and Nitrogen Carbon Base

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2
Q

What Nucleotide component contains nitrogen?

A

Cytosine

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3
Q

What model is a DNA strand like?

A

“Ladder” model

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4
Q

What parts of the nucleotides make up the backbone?

A

Sugars and Phosphate

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5
Q

What part(s) of the Nucleotides make up the rungs of the ladder?

A

The Nitrogenbases

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6
Q

What goes with Thymine?

A

Adenine

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7
Q

What goes with Guanine?

A

Cytosine

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8
Q

What goes with Cytosine?

A

Guanine

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9
Q

What goes with Adenine?

A

Thymine

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10
Q

What type of biological molecule is DNA helicase?

A

An Enzyme

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11
Q

What is the role of a DNA helicase?

A

It gives off energy.

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12
Q

What rule is used to join the free nucleorides to the exposed bases of DNA?

A

Chargaff Rule

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13
Q

What is Semi-Conservative Replication?

A

When you take half the old DNA and replace it with new DNA

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14
Q

How does semi-conservative replication help prevent mutations during DNA replication?

A

Because it uses some as a templete.

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15
Q

What are the three parts of an atom?

A

Proton, Electron, and Neutron

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16
Q

Whats a Polar Molecule?

A

A polar molecule is a molecule made from molecules that are OPPOSITLY charged.

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17
Q

How many covalent bonds can Carbon make?

A

4

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18
Q

What is a monomer?

A

One single subunit of a Polymer

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19
Q

What is a Polymer?

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A

A polymer is monomers put together.

20
Q

What are the 4 carbon-based molecules?

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A

Carbs, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids

21
Q

————–>
Where would you find the products and reactants?

Study These Flashcards
A

Reactant ————–> Product

22
Q

What is a nucleic acid’s MAIN job?

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A

To work together to make proteins.

23
Q

Why do we need enzymes?

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A

So our bodies can physically function.

24
Q

What does the enzyme catalase do?

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A

Breaks down harmful chemicals.

Ex: Hydrogen Peroxide

25
When a catalase bubbles, is it active or non-active?
Very active
26
When a catalase DOES NOT bubble, is it active or non-active?
Non-active, it's either dead or very slow.
27
What two factors break down an enzyme?
pH and temperature.
28
How many hydrogen molecules are in water?
2
29
How many oxygen molecules are in water?
1
30
Why does hydrogen and oxygen bond together to form H2O?
Because they are opposite charges.
31
What holds oxygen with hydrogen in a molecule of water?
Covalent Bonds.
32
Where is the majority of negative charge in a water molecule?
In the oxygen atom.
33
Who "discovered" DNA? Bonus: What year?
Fredrick Griffith 1928
34
What is Semi-Conservative Replication
It's when old DNA is split in half and changed with some new DNA
35
Are strands parrallel or anit-parrallel?
Anti
36
What elements are in ALL 4 organic (carbon based) compounds?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
37
What 4 elements are in Proteins?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Oxygen
38
What 5 elements are in Nucleic Acids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Phosurus, and Oxygen
39
What's a carbohydrates monomer?
Monosaccharides
39
What's a lipids polymer?
They have no true polymer
40
All four carbon based molecules have.......
Covalent bonding, organic, and C,H,O
41
# [](http://)[](http://) What is dehydration synthesis?
When water is in the product.
42
What is hyrolisis?
When your adding water (so it's an reactant)
43
What does "lysis" mean?
Split
43
What 4 elements are in RNA?
U, A, G, C
44
What two elements change from DNA--->RNA
T to U
45
Am I awesome?
No.

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