UNIT 2

Question 1

adenectomy

Answer 1

surgical removal of a gland

Question 2

adenocarcinoma

Answer 2

malignant tumor originating in glandular

Question 3

adenoma

Answer 3

benign tumor that arises in/or resembles glandular tissue

Question 4

adenomalacia

Answer 4

abnormal softening of a gland

Question 5

adenosclerosis

Answer 5

abnormal hardening of a gland

Question 6

Adipose tissue

Answer 6

fat

Question 7

anterior

Answer 7

situated in the front (front of the body or front of an organ)

Question 8

caudal

Answer 8

toward the lower part of the body

Question 9

cephalic

Answer 9

toward the head

Question 10

cytoplasm

Answer 10

material inside the cell membrane that is NOT part of the nucleus

Question 11

endemic

Answer 11

ongoing presence of a disease within a population/group

Question 12

endocrine glands

Answer 12

glands that produce hormones and secrete them directly into bloodstream

Question 13

exocrine glands

Answer 13

glands that produce and secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead to opening in the body surface

Question 14

histology

Answer 14

study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues

Question 15

cytologist

Answer 15

specialist in the study and analysis of cells

Question 16

etiology

Answer 16

study of the causes of diseases

Question 17

physiology

Answer 17

study of the functions of body structures

Question 18

idiopathic disorder

Answer 18

illness with unknown cause

Question 19

anaplasia

Answer 19

change in cell structure and development

Question 20

aplasia

Answer 20

defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue

Question 21

dysplasia

Answer 21

abnormal increase in the number of cells in tissues

Question 22

posterior

Answer 22

situated in the back (back of the body or back of an organ)

Question 23

hyperplasia

Answer 23

enlargement of an organ or tissue (due to increased cell number)

Question 24

hypoplasia

Answer 24

incomplete development of an organ or tissue

Question 25

homeostasis

Answer 25

self-regulating body processes that maintain internal stability

Question 26

abdominal cavity

Answer 26

primarily contains major organs of digestion

Question 27

anatomy

Answer 27

study of the structures of the body

Question 28

anomaly

Answer 28

deviation from normal

Question 29

bloodborne transmission

Answer 29

spread of a disease through contact with blood or blood contaminated body fluids

Question 30

chromosomes

Answer 30

genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell

Question 31

communicable disease

Answer 31

contagious disease (transmitted between people through direct or indirect contact with contaminated objects

Question 32

congenital disorder

Answer 32

abnormal condition that exists at time of birth

Question 33

distal

Answer 33

situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure

Question 34

dorsal

Answer 34

back of the organs or the body

Question 35

epidemic

Answer 35

sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a population/group

Question 36

epigastric region

Answer 36

area located above the stomach

Question 37

functional disorder

Answer 37

symptoms with no identifiable physiological or anatomical cause

Question 38

genetic disorder

Answer 38

a pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene (hereditary)

Question 39

geriatrician

Answer 39

person who specializes in the care of older people (gerontologist)

Question 40

hemophelia

Answer 40

hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing

Question 41

hypertrophy

Answer 41

increase in the bulk of a body part/organ based on size rather than increased number of cells

Question 42

hypogastric region

Answer 42

area located below the stomach

Question 43

iatrogenic illness

Answer 43

unfavorable response resulting from prescribed medical treatment

Question 44

infectious disease

Answer 44

illness caused by living pathogenic organisms (bacteria/viruses)

Question 45

inguinal

Answer 45

relating to the groin, lower area of the abdomen

Question 46

medial

Answer 46

direction toward or nearer the midline

Question 47

mesentery

Answer 47

a fused double layer (fold) of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

Question 48

midsagittal plane

Answer 48

divides the body into equal left and right halves

Question 49

nosocomial infection

Answer 49

disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

Question 50

pandemic

Answer 50

outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area or worldwide

Question 51

pelvic cavity

Answer 51

space formed by the hip bones that contains reproductive and excretory systems

Question 52

peritoneum

Answer 52

multilayered membrane that protects the organs in the abdominal cavity

Question 53

peritonitis

Answer 53

inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 54

phenylketonuria

Answer 54

genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing

Question 55

proximal

Answer 55

situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

Question 56

retroperitoneal

Answer 56

located behind the peritoneum

Question 57

stem cells

Answer 57

unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves by cell division

Question 58

thoracic cavity

Answer 58

surrounds and protects the lungs

Question 59

transverse plane

Answer 59

horizontal marker that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions

Question 60

umbilicus

Answer 60

belly button, naval (pit in the abdominal wall where the umbilical cord was attached prior to birth

Question 61

vector-borne transmission

Answer 61

spread of a disease due to the bite of an infected insect or animal

Question 62

ventral

Answer 62

cavity located along the front of the body that contains the body organs that sustain homeostasis