UNIT 3

Question 1

ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 1

inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae (a form of rheumatoid arthritis)

Question 2

arthroscopy

Answer 2

visual examination of the internal structure of the joint

Question 3

chondroma

Answer 3

slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells

Question 4

chondromalacia

Answer 4

abnormal softening of cartilage

Question 5

osteochondroma

Answer 5

benign bony projection covered with cartilage

Question 6

costochondritis

Answer 6

inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum

Question 7

craniostenosis

Answer 7

malformation of the skull due to premature closure of the cranial sutures

Question 8

arthrodesis

Answer 8

surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint

Question 9

kyphosis

Answer 9

abnormal increase in outward curvature of the thoracic spine

Question 10

lordosis

Answer 10

abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine

Question 11

arthrolysis

Answer 11

surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint

Question 12

myeloma

Answer 12

cancer that occurs in blood-making cells found in red bone marrow

Question 13

osteomyelitis

Answer 13

inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone

Question 14

osteitis

Answer 14

inflammation of a bone

Question 15

osteomalacia

Answer 15

abnormal softening of bones

Question 16

osteoclasis

Answer 16

surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity

Question 17

osteopenia

Answer 17

thinner than average bone density

Question 18

osteoporosis

Answer 18

loss of bone density and increased bone porosity

Question 19

scoliosis

Answer 19

abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine

Question 20

periostitis

Answer 20

inflammation of the periosteum

Question 21

spondylolisthesis

Answer 21

forward slipping movement of a lower lumbar vertebrae or sacrum

Question 22

spondylosis

Answer 22

degenerative disorder that can cause loss of normal spinal structure and function

Question 23

synovectomy

Answer 23

surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint

Question 24

acetabulum

Answer 24

large circular cavity in each side of pelvis (hip joint)

Question 25

manubrium

Answer 25

bony structure that forms middle portion of sternum

Question 26

allogenic

Answer 26

originating within another

Question 27

autologous

Answer 27

originating within an individual

Question 28

comminuted fracture

Answer 28

bone is splintered or crushed

Question 29

compression fracture

Answer 29

caused when bone is compressed on itself

Question 30

crepitation

Answer 30

grating sound when ends of broken bone move together

Question 31

dual x-ray absorptiometry

Answer 31

low-exposure radiographic measurement of spine & hips to measure bone density

Question 32

fibrous dysplasia

Answer 32

bone disorder of unknown cause (destroys bone structure & replaces with scar-like tissue)

Question 33

hallux valgus

Answer 33

abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

Question 34

hemarthrosis

Answer 34

blood within a joint

Question 35

hemopoietic

Answer 35

pertaining to the formation of blood

Question 36

internal fixation

Answer 36

a fracture treatment using plates or pins to hold broken pieces in place

Question 37

juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 37

autoimmune disorder in children causing stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, fatigue

Question 38

laminectomy

Answer 38

surgical removal of a lamina (posterior portion of a vertebra)

Question 39

lumbago

Answer 39

pain of the lumbar region of the spine (low back pain)

Question 40

malleolus

Answer 40

rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula at either side of the ankle joint

Question 41

metacarpals

Answer 41

five bones that form the palms of the hands

Question 42

metatarsals

Answer 42

five bones that form the part of the foot where the toes are attached

Question 43

open fracture

Answer 43

bone is broken and there is open wound in skin

Question 44

orthopedic surgeon

Answer 44

physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating bone, joint, and muscle diseases/disorders

Question 45

orthotic

Answer 45

mechanical appliance used to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function

Question 46

osteoarthritis

Answer 46

inflammation of the joint (associated with aging)

Question 47

osteonecrosis

Answer 47

death of bone tissue from insufficient blood supply

Question 48

osteoporotic hip fracture

Answer 48

broken hip usually from osteoporosis

Question 49

osteorrhaphy

Answer 49

surgical suturing or wiring together of bones

Question 50

Paget's disease

Answer 50

bone disease of unknown cause, breakdown of bone tissue & abnormal bone formation

Question 51

pathologic fracture

Answer 51

weakened bone breaks under normal strain

Question 52

Percutaneous vertebroplasty

Answer 52

procedure to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures

Question 53

podiatrist

Answer 53

specialist in diagnosing and treating foot disorders

Question 54

prosthesis

Answer 54

substitute for diseased or missing body part

Question 55

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 55

chronic autoimmune disorder; immune system attacks joints, organs, other body systems

Question 56

rickets

Answer 56

defective bone growth in children due to vitamin D deficiency

Question 57

spina bifida

Answer 57

congenital defect; spinal canal fails to close completely around spinal cord

Question 58

spiral fracture

Answer 58

fracture caused by bone twisting apart

Question 59

subluxation

Answer 59

partial displacement of a bone from its joint

Question 60

vertebrae

Answer 60

26 bony units in the spinal column