Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nat 5 Biology 🌸 > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name given to the process by which one cell divides to form.two during growth?

A

Mitosis/Cell Division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the chromosome complement for humans and how many do our gametes carry?

A

-46
-23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are two types of stem cells?

A

-Embryonic and Adult Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the name given to the structures that hold genes ?

A

Chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the two parts of the Central Nervous System?

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three parts that make up the human nervous system?

A

Brain , Spinal Cord and Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What three parts make up the brain and what do they each control?

A

Medulla- Controls breathing +heart rate
Cerebellum- Controls balance and co-ordination
Cerebrum- Conscious thought and memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name some tissues found within a plant

A

Phloem, Xylem, Mesophyll

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name some plant organs

A

Root, Stem, Flower, Leaf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the levels of organisation in a living thing

A

Cell>Tissue>Organ>Organ System>Organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the three nerves involved in a reflex action and the order they travel in

A

Sensory Neuron- Carries an electrical impulse to inter neuron
Inter Neuron- Carries electrical impulse from sensory neuron to motor Neuron
Motor Neuron - Carries the impulse to effectors ( muscle or gland) to enable a responce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name the three parts which make up a neuron

A

Sensory Fibre, Cell body, axon fibre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the name given to a structure composed of several different tissues to perform one or more functions?

A

Organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the name given to the gap between neurons and what does it allow so a nerve impulse can pass?

A

A synapse and a chemical passes across it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What glucose sugar is stored in the liver ?

A

Glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do hormones go to when they travel through the bloodstream?

A

Target tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name the glands responsible for secreting hormones

A

Endocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When the blood glucose level falls which hormone is released by the pancreas ?

A

Glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where in the sperm is the genetic material found?

A

In the nucleus which is in the head of the sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is the site of fertilisation in mammals?.

A

The oviduct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why is an egg larger than a sperm ?

A

It contains a cytoplasm that has a food store

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False?
Plants have both male and female reproductive parts?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What part of the plant contains the male sex cells and where are they held?

A

The sex cells are in the pollen found in the anther

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the name given to the first cell cell formed when an egg and sperm nuclei fuse during fertilisation and what forms after it has divided repeatedly by mitosis?

A

It’s first called a zygote and then later becomes an embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the name given to sites involved in the production of gametes ?
Gonads
26
What is the name given to the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to stigma and what are the two forms of it ?
- Pollination - Wind Pollination/Insect Pollination
27
What does the ovule of the plant become following fertilisation?
The seed
28
What is the name given to the process by which a seed starts to grow into a new plant ?
Germination
29
What is it in the pollinated flowers that attracts insects?
Nectar in the nectary
30
What are the two types of variation and give an example of each ?
Discrete : eye colour, hair colour, fingerprint type Continuous : Height, Weight, Hand span
31
What is the name given to an allele that masks the effect of an another and how is it written?
A dominant allele and is traditionally shown by a capital letter
32
What are the two types of genotype?
Homozygous ( Both uppercase/lowercase ) Heterozygous ( One dominant and one recessive )
33
Give a term used when both parents are homozygous ?
True breeding
34
What name is given to inheritance where a characteristic is controlled by more than one gene?
Polymeric Inheritance
35
What other factor can contribute to ur overall phenotype?
Environmental factors
36
What is a phenotype ?
The physical part of a genotype
37
In what plant organ does the the process of photosynthesis occur
The leaves
38
What is found at the end of roots to increase their surface area to absorb mineral salts?
Root hairs
39
By what process does water enter a root hair from the surrounding soil?
Osmosis
40
What is the name given to the vessels found in the stem that transport water to leaves?
Xylem vessels
41
What is transpiration?
The process in which excess water is lost to evaporation in order to cool down the plant
42
What condition causes the rate of transpiration to decrease ?
High Humidity
43
What cells control the opening and closing or stomata ?
Guard cells
44
What is the name given to vessels that transport sugar only up and down a plant?
Phloem vessels
45
What two parts make up the phloem?
Sieve tubes and companion cells
46
Which system in the body allows the rapid transport of useful material like glucose and oxygen to all living cells?
The circularity system
47
What 3 parts make up the circulatory system?
The heart , blood vessels and the blood
48
What are the 4 chambers of the heart?
Left/Right Atrium , Left/Right Ventricle
49
Which type or blood vessel carries blood away from the heart and which one carries blood to ?
Away =Arteries In= VeINs
50
Name the blood vessel that carries deoxyginated blood back to the heart from the body?
Vena Cave
51
By which blood vessel does blood leave the right ventricle to travel to the lungs?
The pulmonary artery
52
True or False Arteries have thick muscular walls
True
53
What are capillaries good for ?
Exchange of materials
54
What name is given to the first branch of the aorta that carries the oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself?
The coronary artery
55
What red pigment is found in blood and what does it do?
Haemoglobin and it absorbs oxgen
56
True or False Red blood cells have a nucleus
False
57
What are the two types of white blood cells?
Phagocytes and Lymphocytes
58
What are the rings that strengthen the trachea made from ?
Cartilage
59
True or False Alveoli are responsible for oxygen entering the blood
True
60
Where in the body is digestion completed?
The small intestine
61
When fat is broken down and digested what is it into?
Fatty acids and glycerol

Nat 5 Biology 🌸 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions